目录
问题1:telnet: connect to address 192.168.0.155: No route to host
问题2:telnet: connect to address 192.168.0.155: Connection refused
问题3:安装软件,修改各种系统配置碰到权限限制问题时,切换到 root 用户操作即可
1. 安装 centos 虚拟机
这个百度一大堆,自行搜索就行,我参考的是以下链接:
超详细的CentOS7.4下载与图文安装_centos7下载-CSDN博客
按照以上步骤,安装 2 个虚拟机,安装好后,我们就有了 虚拟机1 和 虚拟机2
2. 虚拟机网络设置
2.1 虚拟机1
- su root // 切换到 root 用户
- vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 // 设置网络配置文件
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=e4612172-2399-4531-8125-bdab3c35eca2
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.155
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DNS2=8.8.8.8
PREFIX=24
我设置的虚拟机1的IP:192.168.0.155
- systemctl restart network //重启网络
- systemctl stop firewalld //关闭防火墙
2.2 虚拟机2
虚拟机2设置网络的操作跟虚拟机1一样,唯一的不同,就是 ip 地址
- su root // 切换到 root 用户
- vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 // 设置网络配置文件
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=924812ab-5709-4645-8942-98973a504531
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.0.154
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DNS2=8.8.8.8
PREFIX=24
我设置的主机2的IP:192.168.0.154
- systemctl restart network //重启网络
- systemctl stop firewalld //关闭防火墙
3. 安装 telnet
3.1 虚拟机1
telnet --version // 检测是否安装 telnet
如果已安装则跳过
如果没有安装则继续往下安装
yum install -y telnet-server telnet // 安装 telnet 服务端和客户端
如果在安装的过程中碰到如上报错,是因为找不到安装源的原因
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo // 修改/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo文件如下把安装源换为阿里云的
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus&infra=$infra
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
telnet --version // 检测 telnet 是否安装成功,如下图所示,说明ok
3.2 虚拟机2
虚拟机2安装 telnet 的操作跟虚拟机1一模一样,切换到虚拟机2重复做 3.1 的步骤即可
4. 开启telnet服务
4.1 虚拟机1
systemctl stop firewalld // 关闭虚拟机1防火墙
systemctl start telnet.socket // 虚拟机1开启telnet服务
4.2 虚拟机2
systemctl stop firewalld // 关闭虚拟机2防火墙
systemctl start telnet.socket // 虚拟机2开启telnet服务
5. 互相telnet
5.1 虚拟机1 telnet 到虚拟机2
telnet 192.168.0.154
5.2 虚拟机2 telnet 到虚拟机1
telnet 192.168.0.155
6. 问题总结
问题1:telnet: connect to address 192.168.0.155: No route to host
原因:192.168.0.155 的虚拟机没有关闭防火墙
解决方法:在 192.168.0.155 虚拟机下,用命令:systemctl stop firewalld,关闭防火墙即可
问题2:telnet: connect to address 192.168.0.155: Connection refused
原因:192.168.0.155 没有开 telnet 服务
解决方法:在 192.168.0.155 虚拟机下,用命令:systemctl start telnet.socket,开启 telnet 服务即可
问题3:安装软件,修改各种系统配置碰到权限限制问题时,切换到 root 用户操作即可
最后附上可以正常 telnet 的截图