方法1:通过节点空指针来实现;
//BTree.h
#ifndef _BTREE_H_
#define _BTREE_H_
#define BT_LEFT 0
#define BT_RIGHT 1
typedef unsigned long long BTPos; //64bit
typedef void BTree;
typedef struct _tag_BTreeNode BTreeNode; //define the node pointer
struct _tag_BTreeNode
{
BTreeNode* left;
BTreeNode* right;
};
typedef void (BTree_Printf)(BTreeNode*);
BTree* BTree_Create();
void BTree_Destroy(BTree* tree);
void BTree_Clear(BTree* tree);
int BTree_Insert(BTree* tree,BTreeNode* node,BTPos pos,int count,int flag);
void BTree_Display(BTree* tree,BTree_Printf* pFunc,int gap,char div);
BTreeNode* BTree_Delete(BTree* tree,BTPos pos,int count);
BTreeNode* BTree_Get(BTree* tree,BTPos pos,int count);
BTreeNode* BTree_Root(BTree* tree);
int BTree_Height(BTree* tree);
int BTree_Count(BTree* tree);
int BTree_Degree(BTree* tree);
#endif
//BTree.c
#include "BTree.h"
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct _tag_TBTree TBTree;
struct _tag_TBTree //define the node of header
{
int count;
BTreeNode* root;
};
static int recursive_degree(BTreeNode* root)
{
int ret = 0;
if(root!=NULL)
{
if(root->left!=NULL)
{
ret++;
}
if(root->right!=NULL)
{
ret++;
}
if(ret == 1)
{
int ld = recursive_degree(root->left);
int rd = recursive_degree(root->right);
if(ret < ld)
{
ret = ld;
}
if(ret < rd)
{
ret = rd;
}
}
}
return ret;
}
static int recursive_height(BTreeNode* root)
{
int ret = 0;
if(root!=NULL)
{
int lh = recursive_height(root->left);
int rh = recursive_height(root->right);
ret = ((lh>rh)?lh:rh) + 1;
}
return ret;
}
static int recursive_count(BTreeNode* node)
{
int ret = 0;
if(node!=NULL)
{
ret = recursive_count(node->left) + 1 + recursive_count(node->right);
}
return ret;
}
static void recursive_display(BTreeNode* node,BTree_Printf* pFunc,int format,int gap,char div)
{
int i = 0;
if((node!=NULL)&&(pFunc!=NULL))
{
for(i=0;i<format;i++)
{
printf("%c",div);
}
pFunc(node);
printf("\n");
if((node->left!=NULL)||(node->right!=NULL))
{
recursive_display(node->left,pFunc,format+gap,gap,div);
recursive_display(node->right,pFunc,format+gap,gap,div);
}
}
else //when there has only-left child node or only-right child node,print the char to fill the place
{
for(i=0;i<format;i++)
{
printf("%c",div);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
BTree* BTree_Create()
{
TBTree* ret = (TBTree*)malloc(sizeof(TBTree));
if(ret != NULL)
{
ret->count = 0;
ret->root = NULL;
}
return ret;
}
void BTree_Destroy(BTree* tree)
{
free(tree);
}
void BTree_Clear(BTree* tree)
{
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if(btree != NULL)
{
btree->count = 0;
btree->root = NULL;
}
}
int BTree_Insert(BTree* tree,BTreeNode* node,BTPos pos,int count,int flag) // pos :position; count :moving times;
{
int ret = 0;
int bit = 0;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
ret = (btree!=NULL)&&(node!=NULL)&&((flag==BT_LEFT)||(flag==BT_RIGHT));
if(ret)
{
BTreeNode* parent = NULL;
BTreeNode* current = btree->root;
node->left = NULL;
node->right = NULL;
while((count>0)&&(current!=NULL))
{
bit = pos & 1;
pos = pos >> 1;
parent = current;
if(bit==BT_LEFT)
{
current = current->left;
}
else if(bit==BT_RIGHT)
{
current = current->right;
}
count--;
}
if(flag==BT_LEFT) //when the current node has some children node,the current node should be inserted after the node
{
node->left = current;
}
else if(flag == BT_RIGHT)
{
node->right = current;
}
if(parent!=NULL)
{
if(bit == BT_LEFT)
{
parent->left = node;
}
else if(bit == BT_RIGHT)
{
parent->right = node;
}
}
else //insert the first node
{
btree->root = node;
}
btree->count++;
}
return ret;
}
void BTree_Display(BTree* tree,BTree_Printf* pFunc,int gap,char div)
{
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if((btree!=NULL)&&(pFunc!=NULL))
{
recursive_display(btree->root,pFunc,0,gap,div);
}
}
BTreeNode* BTree_Delete(BTree* tree,BTPos pos,int count)
{
BTreeNode* ret = NULL;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree; //×öÒ»¸ö¿Ç
int bit = 0;
if(btree!=NULL)
{
BTreeNode* parent = NULL;
BTreeNode* current = btree->root;
while((count>0)&&(current!=NULL))
{
bit = pos & 1;
pos = pos >> 1;
parent = current;
if(bit==BT_LEFT)
{
current = current->left;
}
else if(bit==BT_RIGHT)
{
current = current->right;
}
count--;
}
if(parent!=NULL)
{
if(bit==BT_LEFT)
{
parent->left = NULL;
}
else if(bit == BT_RIGHT)
{
parent->right = NULL;
}
}
else //the only one node
{
btree->root = NULL;
}
ret = current; //important
btree->count = btree->count - recursive_count(ret);
}
return ret;
}
BTreeNode* BTree_Get(BTree* tree,BTPos pos,int count)
{
BTreeNode* ret = NULL;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
int bit = 0;
if(btree!=NULL)
{
BTreeNode* parent = NULL;
BTreeNode* current = btree->root;
while((count>0)&&(current!=NULL))
{
bit = pos & 1;
pos = pos >> 1;
parent = current; //record the current node
if(bit == BT_LEFT)
{
current = current->left;
}
else if(bit == BT_RIGHT)
{
current = current->right;
}
count--;
}
ret = current; //important
}
return ret;
}
BTreeNode* BTree_Root(BTree* tree)
{
BTreeNode* ret = NULL;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if(btree != NULL)
{
ret = btree->root;
}
return ret;
}
int BTree_Height(BTree* tree)
{
int ret = 0;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if(btree!=NULL)
{
ret = recursive_height(btree->root);
}
return ret;
}
int BTree_Count(BTree* tree)
{
int ret = 0;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if(btree!=NULL)
{
ret = btree->count;
}
return ret;
}
int BTree_Degree(BTree* tree)
{
int ret = 0;
TBTree* btree = (TBTree*)tree;
if(btree!=NULL)
{
ret = recursive_degree(btree->root);
}
return ret;
}
//main.c
/*-----------
time: 2016-4-8
version: DEV-C++ 5.2.0.3
-----------*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "BTree.h"
struct Node
{
BTreeNode header;
char v;
};
void print_data(BTreeNode* node)
{
if(node!=NULL)
{
printf("%c",((struct Node*)node)->v);
}
}
void pre_order_traversal(BTreeNode* root)
{
if(root!=NULL)
{
printf("%c,",((struct Node*)root)->v);
pre_order_traversal(root->left);
pre_order_traversal(root->right);
}
}
void thread_via_left(BTreeNode* root,BTreeNode** pt)
{
if((root!=NULL)&&(pt!=NULL))
{
if(*pt != NULL)
{
(*pt)->left = root;
*pt = NULL;
}
if(root->left == NULL)
{
*pt = root;
}
thread_via_left(root->left,pt);
thread_via_left(root->right,pt);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
BTree* tree = BTree_Create();
BTreeNode* pt = NULL;
BTreeNode* current = NULL;
struct Node n1 = {{NULL,NULL},'A'};
struct Node n2 = {{NULL,NULL},'b'};
struct Node n3 = {{NULL,NULL},'C'};
struct Node n4 = {{NULL,NULL},'D'};
struct Node n5 = {{NULL,NULL},'E'};
struct Node n6 = {{NULL,NULL},'F'};
struct Node n7 = {{NULL,NULL},'G'};
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n1,0,0,0); //A
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n2,0x00,1,0); //b
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n3,0x01,1,0); //C
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n4,0x00,2,0); //D
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n5,0x02,2,0); //E
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n6,0x01,2,0); //F
BTree_Insert(tree,(BTreeNode*)&n7,0x03,2,0); //F
BTree_Display(tree,print_data,2,'-');
printf("pre_order_traversal (Ç°Ðò±éÀú): \n");
pre_order_traversal(BTree_Root(tree));
printf("\n");
current = BTree_Root(tree);
thread_via_left(current,&pt);
if(current!=NULL)
{
printf("thread_via_left: \n");
while(current!=NULL)
{
printf("%c,",((struct Node*)current)->v);
current = current->left;
}
}
BTree_Destroy(tree);
return 0;
}
输出:
A
--b
----D
----E
--C
----F
----G
pre_order_traversal (前序遍历):
A,b,D,E,C,F,G,
thread_via_left:
A,b,D,E,C,F,G,
Process exited normally.
Press any key to continue . . .