同样,先上效果图如下:
效果图中,抛物线的动画即是由SurfaceView实现的。底部栏中的文字翻转详情相关帖子:
[Android] 文字翻转动画的实现
需求:
1.实现抛物线动画
1.1 设计物理模型,能够根据时间变量计算出某个时刻图片的X/Y坐标。
1.2 将图片高频率(相比于UI线程的缓慢而言)刷新到界面中。这儿需要实现将脏界面清屏及刷新操作。
2.文字翻转动画(已解决,见上面的帖子链接)
下面来逐一解决所提出的问题。
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分隔线内容与Android无关,请慎读,勿拍砖。谢啦
1.1 设计物理模型,如果大家还记得初中物理时,这并不难。自己写的草稿图见下:
详细的物理分析见上图啦,下面只说代码中如何实现,相关代码在PhysicalTool.java。
第一次下落过程所耗时t1与高度height会有如下关系:
t1 = Math.sqrt(2 * height * 1.0d / GRAVITY);
第一次与X轴碰撞后上升至最高点的耗时t2与高度 N%*height会有:
t2 = Math.sqrt((1 - WASTAGE) * 2 * height * 1.0d / GRAVITY);
那么总的动画时间为(t1 + t2 + t2),则水平位移速度有(width为X轴总位移):
velocity = width * 1.0d / (t1 + 2 * t2);
则根据时间计算图片的实时坐标有:
PhysicalTool.comput()
double used = (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) * 1.0d / 1000;
x = velocity * used;
if (0 <= used && used < t1) {
y = height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * used * used;
} else if (t1 <= used && used < (t1 + t2)) {
double tmp = t1 + t2 - used;
y = (1 - WASTAGE) * height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * tmp * tmp;
} else if ((t1 + t2) <= used && used < (t1 + 2 * t2)) {
double tmp = used - t1 - t2;
y = (1 - WASTAGE) * height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * tmp * tmp;
}
Android无关内容结束了。
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1.2 SurfaceView刷新界面
SurfaceView是一个特殊的UI组件,特殊在于它能够使用非UI线程刷新界面。至于为何具有此特殊性,将在另一个帖子"SurfaceView 相关知识笔记"中讨论,该帖子将讲述SurfaceView、Surface、ViewRoot、Window Manager/Window、Canvas等之间的关系。
使用SurfaceView需要自定义组件继承该类,并实现SurfaceHolder.Callback,该回调提供了三个方法:
surfaceCreated()//通知Surface已被创建,可以在此处启动动画线程
surfaceChanged()//通知Surface已改变
surfaceDestroyed()//通知Surface已被销毁,可以在此处终止动画线程
SurfaceView使用有一个原则,即该界面操作必须在surfaceCreated之后及surfaceDestroyed之前。该回调的监听通过SurfaceHolder设置。代码如下:
//于SurfaceView类中,该类实现SurfaceHolder.Callback接口,如本例中的ParabolaView
SurfaceHolder holder = getHolder();
holder.addCallback(this);
示例代码中,通过启动DrawThread调用handleThread()实现对SurfaceView的刷新。
刷新界面首先需要执行holder.lockCanvas()锁定Canvas并获得Canvas实例,然后进行界面更新操作,最后结束锁定Canvas,提交界面更改,至Surface最终显示在屏幕上。
代码如下:
canvas = holder.lockCanvas();
… … … …
… … … …
canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, x, y, paint);
holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
本例中,需要清除屏幕脏区域,出于简便的做法,是将整个SurfaceView背景重复地设置为透明,代码为:
canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
对于SurfaceView的操作,下面这个链接讲述得更详细,更易理解,推荐去看下:
Android开发之SurfaceView
惯例,Java代码如下,XML请自行实现
本文由Sodino所有,转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/sodino/article/details/7704084
ActSurfaceView.java
package lab.sodino.surfaceview;
import lab.sodino.surfaceview.RotateAnimation.InterpolatedTimeListener;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Handler.Callback;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class ActSurfaceView extends Activity implements OnClickListener, ParabolaView.ParabolaListener, Callback,
InterpolatedTimeListener {
public static final int REFRESH_TEXTVIEW = 1;
private Button btnStartAnimation;
/** 动画界面。 */
private ParabolaView parabolaView;
/** 购物车处显示购物数量的TextView。 */
private TextView txtNumber;
/** 购物车中的数量。 */
private int number;
private Handler handler;
/** TextNumber是否允许显示最新的数字。 */
private boolean enableRefresh;
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
handler = new Handler(this);
number = 0;
btnStartAnimation = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStartAnim);
btnStartAnimation.setOnClickListener(this);
parabolaView = (ParabolaView) findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);
parabolaView.setParabolaListener(this);
txtNumber = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtNumber);
}
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == btnStartAnimation) {
LogOut.out(this, "isShowMovie:" + parabolaView.isShowMovie());
if (parabolaView.isShowMovie() == false) {
number++;
enableRefresh = true;
parabolaView.setIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.icon));
// 设置起始Y轴高度和终止X轴位移
parabolaView.setParams(200, ((ViewGroup) txtNumber.getParent()).getLeft());
parabolaView.showMovie();
}
}
}
public void onParabolaStart(ParabolaView view) {
}
public void onParabolaEnd(ParabolaView view) {
handler.sendEmptyMessage(REFRESH_TEXTVIEW);
}
public boolean handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case REFRESH_TEXTVIEW:
if (txtNumber.getVisibility() != View.VISIBLE) {
txtNumber.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
RotateAnimation anim = new RotateAnimation(txtNumber.getWidth() >> 1, txtNumber.getHeight() >> 1,
RotateAnimation.ROTATE_INCREASE);
anim.setInterpolatedTimeListener(this);
txtNumber.startAnimation(anim);
break;
}
return false;
}
@Override
public void interpolatedTime(float interpolatedTime) {
// 监听到翻转进度过半时,更新txtNumber显示内容。
if (enableRefresh && interpolatedTime > 0.5f) {
txtNumber.setText(Integer.toString(number));
// Log.d("ANDROID_LAB", "setNumber:" + number);
enableRefresh = false;
}
}
}
DrawThread.java
package lab.sodino.surfaceview;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2012-6-18 上午03:14:31
*/
public class DrawThread extends Thread {
private SurfaceView surfaceView;
private boolean running;
public DrawThread(SurfaceView surfaceView) {
this.surfaceView = surfaceView;
}
public void run() {
if (surfaceView == null) {
return;
}
if (surfaceView instanceof ParabolaView) {
((ParabolaView) surfaceView).handleThread();
}
}
public void setRunning(boolean b) {
running = b;
}
public boolean isRunning() {
return running;
}
}
ParabolaView.java
package lab.sodino.surfaceview;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2012-6-18 上午02:52:33
*/
public class ParabolaView extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
/** 每30ms刷一帧。 */
private static final long SLEEP_DURATION = 10l;
private SurfaceHolder holder;
/** 动画图标。 */
private Bitmap bitmap;
private DrawThread thread;
private PhysicalTool physicalTool;
private ParabolaView.ParabolaListener listener;
/** 默认未创建,相当于Destory。 */
private boolean surfaceDestoryed = true;
public ParabolaView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
super(context, attrs, defStyle);
init();
}
public ParabolaView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs);
init();
}
public ParabolaView(Context context) {
super(context);
init();
}
private void init() {
holder = getHolder();
holder.addCallback(this);
holder.setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSPARENT);
setZOrderOnTop(true);
// setZOrderOnTop(false);
physicalTool = new PhysicalTool();
}
@Override
public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
surfaceDestoryed = false;
}
@Override
public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
}
@Override
public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
LogOut.out(this, "surfaceDestroyed");
surfaceDestoryed = true;
physicalTool.cancel();
}
public void handleThread() {
Canvas canvas = null;
Paint pTmp = new Paint();
pTmp.setAntiAlias(true);
pTmp.setColor(Color.RED);
Paint paint = new Paint();
// 设置抗锯齿
paint.setAntiAlias(true);
paint.setColor(Color.CYAN);
physicalTool.start();
LogOut.out(this, "doing:" + physicalTool.doing());
if (listener != null) {
listener.onParabolaStart(this);
}
while (physicalTool.doing()) {
try {
physicalTool.compute();
canvas = holder.lockCanvas();
// 设置画布的背景为透明。
canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
// 绘上新图区域
float x = (float) physicalTool.getX();
// float y = (float) physicalTool.getY();
float y = (float) physicalTool.getMirrorY(getHeight(), bitmap.getHeight());
// LogOut.out(this, "x:" + x + " y:" + y);
canvas.drawRect(x, y, x + bitmap.getWidth(), y + bitmap.getHeight(), pTmp);
canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, x, y, paint);
holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
Thread.sleep(SLEEP_DURATION);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 清除屏幕内容
// 直接按"Home"回桌面,SurfaceView被销毁了,lockCanvas返回为null。
if (surfaceDestoryed == false) {
canvas = holder.lockCanvas();
canvas.drawColor(Color.TRANSPARENT, android.graphics.PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR);
holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(canvas);
}
thread.setRunning(false);
if (listener != null) {
listener.onParabolaEnd(this);
}
}
public void showMovie() {
if (thread == null) {
thread = new DrawThread(this);
} else if (thread.getState() == Thread.State.TERMINATED) {
thread.setRunning(false);
thread = new DrawThread(this);
}
LogOut.out(this, "thread.getState:" + thread.getState());
if (thread.getState() == Thread.State.NEW) {
thread.start();
}
}
/** 正在播放动画时,返回true;否则返回false。 */
public boolean isShowMovie() {
return physicalTool.doing();
}
public void setIcon(Bitmap bit) {
bitmap = bit;
}
public void setParams(int height, int width) {
physicalTool.setParams(height, width);
}
/** 设置抛物线的动画监听器。 */
public void setParabolaListener(ParabolaView.ParabolaListener listener) {
this.listener = listener;
}
static interface ParabolaListener {
public void onParabolaStart(ParabolaView view);
public void onParabolaEnd(ParabolaView view);
}
}
PhysicalTool.java
package lab.sodino.surfaceview;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2012-6-18 上午06:07:16
*/
public class PhysicalTool {
/** 重力加速度值。 */
private static final float GRAVITY = 400.78033f;
/** 与X轴碰撞后,重力势能损失掉的百分比。 */
private static final float WASTAGE = 0.3f;
/** 起始下降高度。 */
private int height;
/** 起始点到终点的X轴位移。 */
private int width;
/** 水平位移速度。 */
private double velocity;
/** X Y坐标。 */
private double x, y;
/** 动画开始时间。 */
private long startTime;
/** 首阶段下载的时间。 单位:毫秒。 */
private double t1;
/** 第二阶段上升与下载的时间。 单位:毫秒。 */
private double t2;
/** 动画正在进行时值为true,反之为false。 */
private boolean doing;
public void start() {
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
doing = true;
}
/** 设置起始下落的高度及水平初速度;并以此计算小球下落的第一阶段及第二阶段上升耗时。 */
public void setParams(int h, int w) {
height = h;
width = w;
t1 = Math.sqrt(2 * height * 1.0d / GRAVITY);
t2 = Math.sqrt((1 - WASTAGE) * 2 * height * 1.0d / GRAVITY);
velocity = width * 1.0d / (t1 + 2 * t2);
LogOut.out(this, "t1=" + t1 + " t2=" + t2);
}
/** 根据当前时间计算小球的X/Y坐标。 */
public void compute() {
double used = (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) * 1.0d / 1000;
x = velocity * used;
if (0 <= used && used < t1) {
y = height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * used * used;
} else if (t1 <= used && used < (t1 + t2)) {
double tmp = t1 + t2 - used;
y = (1 - WASTAGE) * height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * tmp * tmp;
} else if ((t1 + t2) <= used && used < (t1 + 2 * t2)) {
double tmp = used - t1 - t2;
y = (1 - WASTAGE) * height - 0.5d * GRAVITY * tmp * tmp;
} else {
LogOut.out(this, "used:" + used + " set doing false");
x = velocity * (t1 + 2 * t2);
y = 0;
doing = false;
}
}
public double getX() {
return x;
}
public double getY() {
return y;
}
/** 反转Y轴正方向。适应手机的真实坐标系。 */
public double getMirrorY(int parentHeight, int bitHeight) {
int half = parentHeight >> 1;
double tmp = half + (half - y);
tmp -= bitHeight;
return tmp;
}
public boolean doing() {
return doing;
}
public void cancel() {
doing = false;
}
}
RotateAnimation.java
package lab.sodino.surfaceview;
import android.graphics.Camera;
import android.graphics.Matrix;
import android.view.animation.Animation;
import android.view.animation.Transformation;
/**
* @author Sodino E-mail:sodinoopen@hotmail.com
* @version Time:2012-6-27 上午07:32:00
*/
public class RotateAnimation extends Animation {
/** 值为true时可明确查看动画的旋转方向。 */
public static final boolean DEBUG = false;
/** 沿Y轴正方向看,数值减1时动画逆时针旋转。 */
public static final boolean ROTATE_DECREASE = true;
/** 沿Y轴正方向看,数值减1时动画顺时针旋转。 */
public static final boolean ROTATE_INCREASE = false;
/** Z轴上最大深度。 */
public static final float DEPTH_Z = 310.0f;
/** 动画显示时长。 */
public static final long DURATION = 800l;
/** 图片翻转类型。 */
private final boolean type;
private final float centerX;
private final float centerY;
private Camera camera;
/** 用于监听动画进度。当值过半时需更新txtNumber的内容。 */
private InterpolatedTimeListener listener;
public RotateAnimation(float cX, float cY, boolean type) {
centerX = cX;
centerY = cY;
this.type = type;
setDuration(DURATION);
}
public void initialize(int width, int height, int parentWidth, int parentHeight) {
// 在构造函数之后、getTransformation()之前调用本方法。
super.initialize(width, height, parentWidth, parentHeight);
camera = new Camera();
}
public void setInterpolatedTimeListener(InterpolatedTimeListener listener) {
this.listener = listener;
}
protected void applyTransformation(float interpolatedTime, Transformation transformation) {
// interpolatedTime:动画进度值,范围为[0.0f,10.f]
if (listener != null) {
listener.interpolatedTime(interpolatedTime);
}
float from = 0.0f, to = 0.0f;
if (type == ROTATE_DECREASE) {
from = 0.0f;
to = 180.0f;
} else if (type == ROTATE_INCREASE) {
from = 360.0f;
to = 180.0f;
}
float degree = from + (to - from) * interpolatedTime;
boolean overHalf = (interpolatedTime > 0.5f);
if (overHalf) {
// 翻转过半的情况下,为保证数字仍为可读的文字而非镜面效果的文字,需翻转180度。
degree = degree - 180;
}
// float depth = 0.0f;
float depth = (0.5f - Math.abs(interpolatedTime - 0.5f)) * DEPTH_Z;
final Matrix matrix = transformation.getMatrix();
camera.save();
camera.translate(0.0f, 0.0f, depth);
camera.rotateY(degree);
camera.getMatrix(matrix);
camera.restore();
if (DEBUG) {
if (overHalf) {
matrix.preTranslate(-centerX * 2, -centerY);
matrix.postTranslate(centerX * 2, centerY);
}
} else {
matrix.preTranslate(-centerX, -centerY);
matrix.postTranslate(centerX, centerY);
}
}
/** 动画进度监听器。 */
public static interface InterpolatedTimeListener {
public void interpolatedTime(float interpolatedTime);
}
}