android ftp客户端

1.

建立FTPClient对象，连接服务器

ftp.connect("169.254.xxx.xxx", 21);

 

 

public String[] connect(String host, int port)
            throws IllegalStateException, IOException,
            FTPIllegalReplyException, FTPException {

        synchronized (this.lock) {
            if (this.connected) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Client already connected to "
                        + host + " on port " + port);
            }
            Socket connection = null;

            try {
                connection = this.connector.connectForCommunicationChannel(
                        host, port);
                if (this.security == 1) {
                    connection = ssl(connection, host, port);
                }

                this.communication = new FTPCommunicationChannel(connection,
                        "UTF-8");
                for (Iterator i = this.communicationListeners.iterator(); i
                        .hasNext();) {
                    this.communication
                            .addCommunicationListener((FTPCommunicationListener) i
                                    .next());
                }

                FTPReply wm = this.communication.readFTPReply();
                if (!wm.isSuccessCode()) {
                    throw new FTPException(wm);
                }

                this.connected = true;
                // this.authenticated = false;
                // this.parser = null;
                this.host = host;
                this.port = port;
                this.username = null;
                this.password = null;
                this.utf8Supported = false;
                this.restSupported = false;
                this.mlsdSupported = false;
                this.modezSupported = false;
                // this.dataChannelEncrypted = false;

                // Returns the welcome message.
                return wm.getMessages();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // D'oh!
                throw e;
            } finally {
                // If connection has failed...
                if (!connected) {
                    if (connection != null) {
                        // Close the connection, 'cause it should be open.
                        try {
                            connection.close();
                        } catch (Throwable t) {
                            ;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

 

在连接服务器过程中，

connection = this.connector.connectForCommunicationChannel( host, port);

创建了控制通道的socket

this.communication = new FTPCommunicationChannel(connection, "UTF-8");

然后管理socket创建控制通道的管理类，监听信息入口的接收与发送，建立socket完成后通过FTPReply wm = this.communication.readFTPReply(); 获取服务器的信息，判断是否成功。

 

2.

public FTPCommunicationChannel(Socket connection, String charsetName)
            throws IOException {
        this.connection = connection;
        this.charsetName = charsetName;
        InputStream inStream = connection.getInputStream();
        OutputStream outStream = connection.getOutputStream();
        // Wrap the streams into reader and writer objects.
        reader = new NVTASCIIReader(inStream, charsetName);
        writer = new NVTASCIIWriter(outStream, charsetName);
    }

 

private String read() throws IOException {
        // Read the line from the server.
        String line = reader.readLine();
        if (line == null) {
            throw new IOException("FTPConnection closed");
        }
        // Call received() method on every communication listener
        // registered.
        for (Iterator iter = communicationListeners.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
            FTPCommunicationListener l = (FTPCommunicationListener) iter.next();
            l.received(line);
        }
        // Return the line read.
        return line;
    }

 

public void sendFTPCommand(String command) throws IOException {
        writer.writeLine(command);
        for (Iterator iter = communicationListeners.iterator(); iter.hasNext();) {
            FTPCommunicationListener l = (FTPCommunicationListener) iter.next();
            l.sent(command);
        }
    }

 

监听socket信息接收与发送的管理类，该类创建了两个继承Reader和Writer的类来接收与发送信息——NVTASCIIReader与NVTASCIIWriter，read() 读取方法，sendFTPCommand(String command) 发送信息，每次发送与接收都会触发监听事件

3.

NVTASCIIReader 类读取信息方法：

public String readLine() throws IOException {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        int previous = -1;
        int current = -1;
        while (true) {
            int i = this.reader.read();
            if (i == -1) {
                if (buffer.length() == 0) {
                    return null;
                }
                return buffer.toString();
            }
            previous = current;
            current = i;
            if (/* previous == '\r' && */current == '\n') {
                // End of line.
                return buffer.toString();
            } else if (previous == '\r' && current == 0) {
                // Literal new line.
                buffer.append(SYSTEM_LINE_SEPARATOR);
            } else if (current != 0 && current != '\r') {
                buffer.append((char) current);
            }
        }
    }

该方法每次读取一行一旦遇到\n就返回。相反NVTASCIIReader 类发送信息也是如此：

public void writeLine(String str) throws IOException {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        boolean atLeastOne = false;
        StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(str, LINE_SEPARATOR);
        int count = st.countTokens();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            String line = st.nextToken();
            if (line.length() > 0) {
                if (atLeastOne) {
                    buffer.append('\r');
                    buffer.append('\000');
                }
                buffer.append(line);
                atLeastOne = true;
            }
        }
        if (buffer.length() > 0) {
            String statement = buffer.toString();

            this.writer.write(statement);
            this.writer.write("\r\n");
            this.writer.flush();
        }
    }

该方法主要根据换行符分离字符串，然后加上回车符，直到要发送的文字结束才加上换行符。

 

4.

FTPReply wm = this.communication.readFTPReply();读取并分析服务器返回的数据，返回一个包括服务器的返回码和信息的FTPReply 类。代码比较无聊，就不贴出来了，可以去查看项目源码。

5.

接下来是登陆服务器。该方法一步一步验证用户名、密码最后是

public void login(String username, String password, String account)
            throws IllegalStateException, IOException,
            FTPIllegalReplyException, FTPException {

        synchronized (this.lock) {
            this.authenticated = false;

            this.communication.sendFTPCommand("USER " + username);
            FTPReply r = this.communication.readFTPReply();
            boolean passwordRequired;
            boolean accountRequired;
            switch (r.getCode()) {
            case 230:
                passwordRequired = false;
                accountRequired = false;
                break;
            case 331:
                passwordRequired = true;

                accountRequired = false;
                break;
            case 332:
                passwordRequired = false;
                accountRequired = true;
            default:
                throw new FTPException(r);
            }

            if (passwordRequired) {
                if (password == null) {
                    throw new FTPException(331);
                }
                this.communication.sendFTPCommand("PASS " + password);
                r = this.communication.readFTPReply();
                switch (r.getCode()) {
                case 230:
                    accountRequired = false;
                    break;
                case 332:
                    accountRequired = true;
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new FTPException(r);
                }
            }

            if (accountRequired) {
                if (account == null) {
                    throw new FTPException(332);
                }

                this.communication.sendFTPCommand("ACCT " + account);
                r = this.communication.readFTPReply();
                switch (r.getCode()) {
                case 230:
                    break;
                default:
                    throw new FTPException(r);
                }

            }
            this.authenticated = true;
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;

        }

        postLoginOperations();

        startAutoNoopTimer();

    }

登陆成功后，运行postLoginOperations() 和startAutoNoopTimer()方法，前一个是获取服务器支持哪些功能，后一个是启动循环等待计时，每段时间都去请求服务器的承认。

 

6.

FTPFile[] list = ftp.list();这里是重点，主要是获取服务器当前目录的文件。该方法去除了很多判断的枝末^0^，如果想要完整地看它是如何处理的就要去研究查看源码，也不难就是变量多了点。这里使用被动方式，这个方式在文章开头理论就有说明。很简单，先在控制通道（比如A通道）发送一个PASV这个协议（说：hey,man 我想建立socket来传输数据，给个端口我），服务器返回一个随机端口告诉客户端，客户端分析出这个端口，然后与服务器建立一个新的socket。

private FTPDataTransferConnectionProvider openPassiveDataTransferChannel()
            throws IOException, FTPIllegalReplyException, FTPException {
        // Send the PASV command.
        communication.sendFTPCommand("PASV");
        // Read the reply.
        FTPReply r = communication.readFTPReply();
        touchAutoNoopTimer();
        if (!r.isSuccessCode()) {
            throw new FTPException(r);
        }
        // Use a regexp to extract the remote address and port.
        String addressAndPort = null;
        String[] messages = r.getMessages();
        for (int i = 0; i < messages.length; i++) {
            Matcher m = PASV_PATTERN.matcher(messages[i]);
            if (m.find()) {
                int start = m.start();
                int end = m.end();
                addressAndPort = messages[i].substring(start, end);
                break;
            }
        }
        if (addressAndPort == null) {
            // The remote server has not sent the coordinates for the
            // data transfer connection.
            throw new FTPIllegalReplyException();
        }
        // Parse the string extracted from the reply.
        StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(addressAndPort, ",");
        int b1 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        int b2 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        int b3 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        int b4 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        int p1 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        int p2 = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken());
        final InetAddress remoteAddress;
        // Ignore address?
        // String useSuggestedAddress = System
        // .getProperty(FTPKeys.PASSIVE_DT_USE_SUGGESTED_ADDRESS);
        String useSuggestedAddress = "IP";
        if ("true".equalsIgnoreCase(useSuggestedAddress)
                || "yes".equalsIgnoreCase(useSuggestedAddress)
                || "1".equals(useSuggestedAddress)) {
            remoteAddress = InetAddress.getByAddress(new byte[] { (byte) b1,
                    (byte) b2, (byte) b3, (byte) b4 });
        } else {
            remoteAddress = InetAddress.getByName(host);
        }
        final int remotePort = (p1 << 8) | p2;
        FTPDataTransferConnectionProvider provider = new FTPDataTransferConnectionProvider() {

            public Socket openDataTransferConnection() {
                // Establish the connection.
                Socket dtConnection = null;
                String remoteHost = remoteAddress.getHostAddress();
                try {
                    dtConnection = connector.connectForDataTransferChannel(
                            remoteHost, remotePort);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                }
                return dtConnection;
            }

            public void dispose() {
                // nothing to do
            }

        };
        return provider;
    }

该方法返回一个新的socket。

然后就是通过新的socket来接收服务器端返回的file列表，（谨记：所有请求协议都是通过控制通道（A通道）发送的）

FTPDataTransferConnectionProvider provider = openDataTransferChannel();

            String command = "LIST";
            // Adds the file/directory selector.
            if (fileSpec != null && fileSpec.length() > 0) {
                command += " " + fileSpec;
            }
            // Sends the command.
            communication.sendFTPCommand(command);
            Socket dtConnection;
            try {
                try {
                    dtConnection = provider.openDataTransferConnection();
                } finally {
                    r = communication.readFTPReply();
                    touchAutoNoopTimer();
                    if (r.getCode() != 150 && r.getCode() != 125) {
                        throw new FTPException(r);
                    }
                }
            } finally {
                provider.dispose();
            }
            // Fetch the list from the data transfer connection.
            ArrayList lines = new ArrayList();
            NVTASCIIReader dataReader = null;
            try {
                // Opens the data transfer connection.
                dataTransferInputStream = dtConnection.getInputStream();
                // MODE Z enabled?
                if (modezEnabled) {
                    dataTransferInputStream = new InflaterInputStream(
                            dataTransferInputStream);
                }
                // Let's do it!
                dataReader = new NVTASCIIReader(dataTransferInputStream,
                        "UTF-8");
                String line;
                while ((line = dataReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    if (line.length() > 0) {
                        lines.add(line);
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
            } finally {
                if (dataReader != null) {
                    try {
                        dataReader.close();
                    } catch (Throwable t) {
                        ;
                    }
                }
                try {
                    dtConnection.close();
                } catch (Throwable t) {
                    ;
                }
                // Consume the result reply of the transfer.
                communication.readFTPReply();
                // Set to null the instance-level input stream.
                dataTransferInputStream = null;
            }

这样一个文件目录的获取就完成了，举一反三，下载、上传同样道理。

 

^0^看得这么辛苦，最后给个该流程的思维导图，导图没有什么规范，就是按照我觉得比较容易理解的方式画出来。（图片好像过大了……）

 

总结：

红色线发送数据请求，蓝色线获取数据分析，主的线索就是这么简单。剩余的就是socket类建立的设计，信息协议类的设计。

个人观点：可能是协议的不同，我看的这个ftp源码跟smack源码比较发现还是smack源码项目设计得比较好，有很多地方可以扩展自定义消息，当然整个设计也是复杂多一点。