UIAutomator2.0详解（UIDevice篇----触屏操作1）

UIDevice中有20个方法，是关于触屏操作的，占方法总数的三分之一。数量看似很多，仔细分析一下，也就几类。

（1）功能键型，7个，HOME,RECENT,BACK,DELETE,ENTER,MENU,SEARCH
（2）开启固定界面型，2个,Notification,Quick Setting
（3）按键型，7个，包括方向型（上下左右中），以及KeyCode事件型
（4）单击、拖拽型，4个

由于不想将博文变得冗长，该部分我们将分为三个章节，本文将讲述前两项，即功能键和固定界面。

先列一下，需要调用的接口方法。

功能键型（具体按键可对应下图，未给出回车键）：

（1）public boolean pressSearch() ，点击查找功能键
（2）public boolean pressBack() ，点击后退键
（3）public boolean pressDelete() ，点击删除键
（4）public boolean pressEnter() ，点击回车键
（5）public boolean pressHome()，点击Home键
（6）public boolean pressMenu()，点击菜单键
（7）public boolean pressRecentApps()，点击在运行的APP键

固定界面型：

（1）public boolean openNotification()，展开通知栏
（2）public boolean openQuickSettings()，展开快速设置栏

需要指出的是，由于各厂家对于功能键的显示方式不同，导致某些功能键不存在，或者满足一定条件才显示。因此，本文所提供的样例，在不同手机上的测试效果可能存在差异。

注：关于Search键的显示，需要在EditView中设置两项属性

测试案例代码如下：

package com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice;

import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.By;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiDevice;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.UiObject2;
import android.support.test.uiautomator.Until;
import android.util.Log;

import com.breakloop.u2demo.common.Utils;

import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;

/**
 * Created by user on 2017/11/3.
 */

public class FingerTest extends UIDeviceTest {
    @Test
    public void FunctionKeyTest(){
        String packageName="com.breakloop.test";
        String activityName=".MainActivity";
        boolean result;
        int timeOut=5000;

        Log.i(TAG, "Start Test");
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(1)Open APP
        Utils.startAPP(mDevice,packageName,activityName);
        Log.i(TAG, "open APP");
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(2)Click Edit View1, then Search Button appear
        UiObject2 mInput1=mDevice.findObject(By.res("com.breakloop.test:id/et_input1"));
        if(mInput1==null){
            Log.i(TAG, "Do not find Input1");
        }else {
            if (mInput1.isEnabled()) {
                mInput1.click();
                result = mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null, timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = " + result);

                mInput1.setText("SSS");
                result=mDevice.pressSearch();
                Log.i(TAG, "Press Search Button, result = "+result);
                mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);
            }
        }

        //(3)Click Edit View2, then Menu Button appear
        UiObject2 mInput2=mDevice.findObject(By.res("com.breakloop.test:id/et_input2"));
        if(mInput2==null){
            Log.i(TAG, "Do not find Input2");
        }else {
            if(mInput2.isEnabled()){
                mInput2.click();
                result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

                mInput2.setText("AAA");
                result=mDevice.pressEnter();
                Log.i(TAG, "Press Enter Button, result = "+result);
                mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

                result=mDevice.pressMenu();
                Log.i(TAG, "Press Menu Button, result = "+result);
                mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(packageName,timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);
            }
        }

        //(4)Change Activity and Press Back Button
        UiObject2 button=mDevice.findObject(By.res("com.breakloop.test:id/btn_goto2"));
        if(button==null){
            Log.i(TAG, "Do not find Button");
        }else {
            if (button.isEnabled()) {
                button.click();
                mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(packageName, timeOut);
                result=mDevice.pressBack();
                Log.i(TAG, "Press Back Button, result = "+result);
                mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
                Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);
            }
        }

        //(5)Press Home Button
        result=mDevice.pressHome();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Home Button, result = "+result);
        mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(6)Press Recent Button
        try {
            result=mDevice.pressRecentApps();
            Log.i(TAG, "Press Recet Apps Button, result = "+result);
            result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
            Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //(7)Press Delete
        result=mDevice.pressDelete();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Delete Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(8)Press Home Button
        result=mDevice.pressHome();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Home Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(9)Open Notification
        result=mDevice.openNotification();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Notification Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(10)Press Home Button
        result=mDevice.pressHome();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Home Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(11)Open Quick Setting
        result=mDevice.openQuickSettings();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Quick Setting Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        //(12)Press Home Button
        result=mDevice.pressHome();
        Log.i(TAG, "Press Home Button, result = "+result);
        result=mDevice.waitForWindowUpdate(null,timeOut);
        Log.i(TAG, "wait For Window Update, result = "+result);

        Log.i(TAG, "End Test");
    }
}

执行结果如下：

11-03 16:13:24.876 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Start Test
11-03 16:13:25.015 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:25.470 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: open APP
11-03 16:13:25.516 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:32.610 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:33.655 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Search Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:34.043 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:36.584 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:37.639 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Enter Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:37.680 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:39.600 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Menu Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:47.575 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:50.646 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Back Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:51.095 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:52.650 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Home Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:52.698 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:54.603 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Recet Apps Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:54.657 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:56.620 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Delete Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:56.661 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:13:59.647 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Home Button, result = true
11-03 16:13:59.648 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:14:01.619 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Notification Button, result = true
11-03 16:14:01.629 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:14:03.666 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Home Button, result = true
11-03 16:14:03.670 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:14:05.633 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Quick Setting Button, result = true
11-03 16:14:05.642 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:14:07.752 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: Press Home Button, result = true
11-03 16:14:07.772 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: wait For Window Update, result = true
11-03 16:14:07.772 I/com.breakloop.u2demo.uidevice.FingerTest: End Test

执行效果如下图：

比对执行效果和LOG，发现pressMenu触发成功，但并未显示。原因未查到。
另，Android7.0基本上导航键上已经没有菜单键了。

使用测试手机为华为Mate8，Android版本为7.0。