1.观察者模式,就行是看一场足球比赛,可能有很多不同种类的观众,有的是球迷,他们看球图的是激情。教练也要看球,他的目的是为了战术调整,还有比赛官员,他看的是有没有违纪现象,有没有踢假球。还有裁判他也在看球,看的是是否有犯规,并且给出相应的处理。所以这里面有很多观察者。
2.实现起来主要是先要把观察者加入到事件对象中,然后当发生某个事件时就通知观察者,观察者就要做出相应的动作。
3.示例代码:
package com.cn;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Vector;
interface Observer {
public abstract void update(NumberGenerator generator);
}
abstract class NumberGenerator {
private Vector<Observer> observers = new Vector<Observer>();//存储
public void addObserver(Observer observer) {//新增
observers.add(observer);
}
public void deleteObserver(Observer observer) {//删除
observers.remove(observer);
}
public void notifyObservers() {
Iterator<Observer> it = observers.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
Observer o = (Observer)it.next();
o.update(this);
}
}
public abstract int getNumber();//取得数值
public abstract void execute();//产生数值
}
class RandomNumberGenerator extends NumberGenerator {
private Random random = new Random();
private int number;
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void execute() {
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
number = random.nextInt(50);
notifyObservers();
}
}
}
class DigitObserver implements Observer {
public void update(NumberGenerator generator) {
System.out.println("DigitObserver:" + generator.getNumber());
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}
class GraphObserver implements Observer {
public void update(NumberGenerator generator) {
System.out.print("GraphObserver:");
int count = generator.getNumber();
for(int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println("");
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
NumberGenerator generator = new RandomNumberGenerator();
Observer observer1 = new DigitObserver();
Observer observer2 = new GraphObserver();
generator.addObserver(observer1);
generator.addObserver(observer2);
generator.execute();
}
}