CentOS7 Mysql安装

1. 下载

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2. 解压

tar -xvf mysql-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3. 安装common

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4. 安装libs

# 安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

# 可能会报错
[root@nfs_client tools]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
        mysql-community-common(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 is needed by mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64
        mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-5.7.22-1.el7.x86_64
# 解决
 yum remove mysql-libs
 yum remove mariadb-libs
 然后重新从common安装

5. 安装client

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

6. 安装server

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

7. 启动服务

systemctl start mysqld

8. 查看初始密码

less /var/log/mysqld.log

# 会看到下面一段带密码的日志 “j*RKGWL*C5j<” 就是初始密码
2021-03-27T07:21:11.054103Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: j*RKGWL*C5j<

7. 进入mysql修改密码和范围策略

# 用初始密码登录
mysql -uroot -p
# 设置密码长度为4，1234都为4，大于4的就具体长度
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
# 密码安全等级为低级
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
# 修改root用户的密码为"root"
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'; 
# 这种root用户可以远程连接非只有本地
mysql> use mysql;
mysql>update user set Host = '%' where user  = 'root';
# 使配置生效
mysql> flush privileges;

8. 关闭防火墙或者开放3306端口

systemctl stop firewalld

9. 主从配置

######### 主数据库配置
# 创建一个用来同步数据的账户并赋予权限
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'repl';
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
# 使配置生效
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

# 修改配置文件 /etc/my.cnf
# binlog文件前缀
log_bin = mysql-bin
# 自定义ID
server_id = 10

# 重启服务
service mysqld restart

######### 备份数据库配置
# 修改配置 /etc/my.cnf
server_id = 20
log_bin = mysql-bin
log_slave_updates = 1
relay_log = mysql-relay-bin

# 重启服务
service mysqld restart

# 开启备份
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> change master to master_host='主数据库IP',master_user='repl',master_password='repl';
mysql> start slave;

######### 其它命令
# 常用错误处理
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> set GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter=1;
mysql> start slave;
# 查看binlog日志
mysql> show binlog events [IN 'log_name'] [FROM pos] [LIMIT [offset,] row_count];
# 从指定日志指定位置开始同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',MASTER_LOG_POS=1;
# 查看主状态
mysql> show master status \G
# 查看从状态
mysql> show slave status \G
# 重置binlog日志
mysql> reset master; 
# 显示日志配置
mysql> show variables like ‘log_%‘;
#显示binlog日志列表
mysql> show master logs;
# 查看binlog日志内容，需要找到日志目录 /var/lib/mysql
mysqlbinlog mysql-bin.000001

10. 重新初始化

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
rm -rf /var/log/mysql.log

service mysqld stop
service mysqld start
service mysqld status

参考文章

详细教程
密码策略