对于多线程程序来说,不管任何编程语言,生产者和消费者模型都是最经典的。就像学习每一门编程语言一样,Hello World!都是最经典的例子。
实际上,准确说应该是“生产者-消费者-仓储”模型,离开了仓储,生产者消费者模型就显得没有说服力了,利用前面说过的堵塞栈实现该模式异常简洁。
对于此模型,应该明确一下几点:
1、生产者仅仅在仓储未满时候生产,仓满则停止生产。
2、消费者仅仅在仓储有产品时候才能消费,仓空则等待。
3、当消费者发现仓储没产品可消费时候会通知生产者生产。
4、生产者在生产出可消费产品时候,应该通知等待的消费者去消费。
测试代码:
/**
* java多线程模拟生产者消费者问题
*
* ProducerConsumer是主类,Producer生产者,Consumer消费者,Product产品,Storage仓库
*
* @author 吖大哥
*/
public class ProducerConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProducerConsumer pc = new ProducerConsumer();
Storage s = pc.new Storage();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
Producer p1 = pc.new Producer("张三", s);
Producer p2 = pc.new Producer("李四", s);
Consumer c1 = pc.new Consumer("王五", s);
Consumer c2 = pc.new Consumer("老刘", s);
Consumer c3 = pc.new Consumer("老林", s);
service.submit(p1);
// service.submit(p2);
service.submit(c1);
service.submit(c2);
service.submit(c3);
}
// 消费者
class Consumer implements Runnable {
private String name;
private Storage s = null;
public Consumer(String name, Storage s) {
this.name = name;
this.s = s;
}
public void run() {
try {
while (true) {
System.out.println(name + "准备消费产品……");
Product product = s.pop();
System.out.println(name + "已消费(" + product + ")");
System.out.println("===============");
Thread.sleep(500);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// 生产者
class Producer implements Runnable {
private String name;
private Storage s = null;
public Producer(String name, Storage s) {
this.name = name;
this.s = s;
}
public void run() {
try {
while (true) {
Product product = new Product((int) (Math.random() * 10000)); // 产生0~9999随机整数
System.out.println(name + "准备生产(" + product + ")……");
s.push(product);
System.out.println(name + "已生产(" + product + ")");
System.out.println("===============");
Thread.sleep(500);
}
} catch (InterruptedException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
// 仓库,用来存放产品
public class Storage {
BlockingQueue<Product> queues = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Product>(10);
// 生产
public void push(Product p) throws InterruptedException {
queues.put(p);
}
// 消费
public Product pop() throws InterruptedException {
return queues.take();
}
}
// 产品
public class Product {
private int id;
public Product(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String toString() {// 重写toString方法
return "产品:" + this.id;
}
}
}