WPF学习系列030: 3.4.1 内建命令

 

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  1. 命令是任何一个实现了ICommand接口（位于System.Windows.Input命名空间）的对象，每个对象定义了3个简单的成员：
     1. Execute：执行特定命令的逻辑的方法。
     2. CanExecute：如果命令允许被执行，则该方法返回true；如果不允许执行，则返回false。
     3. CanExecuteChanged——无论何时，只要CanExecute的值改变，该事件就会触发。
  1. 创建自定义命令例子
  1. WPF有5个类的静态属性实现了WPF的内建命令：
     1. ApplicationCommands：
  1. ComponentCommands：
  1. MediaCommands：
  1. NavigationCommands：
  1. EditingCommands：
  1. 内建命令使用的流程
     1. 将元素的Command特性设置为内建命令
  1. 向元素或父元素添加CommandBinding对象。
  1. 内建命令的Text字符串是由每个RoutedUICommand定义的，WPF会自动对Text作本地化，并把它转换为任何一种WPF支持的语言。
  2. 内建命令使用示例

• 3.4.1  内建命令

  XAML文件

  <Window x:Class="Custom_RoutedCommand.MainWindow"

          xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

          xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

          xmlns:custom="clr-namespace:Custom_RoutedCommand"

          Title="Custom RoutedCommand Sample"

          Name="RootWindow"

          Height="500"

          Width="600"

          Focusable="True">

      <Window.CommandBindings>

          <CommandBinding Command="{x:Static custom:MainWindow.ColorCmd}"

                          Executed="ColorCmdExecuted"

                          CanExecute="ColorCmdCanExecute" />

      </Window.CommandBindings>

      <DockPanel>

          <Menu DockPanel.Dock="Top"

                Height="25">

              <MenuItem Header="Commands">

                  <MenuItem Header="Color Command"

                            Command="{x:Static custom:MainWindow.ColorCmd}" />

              </MenuItem>

          </Menu>

          <Border BorderBrush="Black"

                  BorderThickness="1"

                  Margin="10"

                  Height="175"

                  Width="375"

                  DockPanel.Dock="Top">

              <TextBlock TextWrapping="Wrap"

                         Margin="3">

                  The Color Command chages the background color of a StackPanel.

                  <LineBreak />

                  <LineBreak />

                  In order for the command attached to the MenuItem to be enabled, the

                  StackPanel must have keyboard focus.  Use the TAB key to change focus.

                  <LineBreak />

                  <LineBreak />

                  Since the command attached to the Button has the CommandTarget

                  set to the first StackPanel, the StackPanel does not need focus.

                  <LineBreak />

              </TextBlock>

          </Border>

          <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"

                      HorizontalAlignment="Center"

                      DockPanel.Dock="Bottom">

              <Border BorderBrush="Black"

                      BorderThickness="1"

                      Margin="10"

                      Height="200"

                      Width="200">

                  <StackPanel Name="FirstStackPanel"

                              Background="AliceBlue"

                              Focusable="True">

                      <StackPanel.CommandBindings>

                          <CommandBinding Command="{x:Static custom:MainWindow.ColorCmd}"

                                          Executed="ColorCmdExecuted"

                                          CanExecute="ColorCmdCanExecute" />

                      </StackPanel.CommandBindings>

                      <Label>First StackPanel</Label>

   

                      <Button Command="{x:Static custom:MainWindow.ColorCmd}"

                              CommandParameter="ButtonOne"

                              CommandTarget="{Binding ElementName=FirstStackPanel}"

                              Content="CommandTarget = FirstStackPanel" />

                  </StackPanel>

              </Border>

              <Border BorderBrush="Black"

                      BorderThickness="1"

                      Margin="10"

                      Height="200"

                      Width="200">

                  <StackPanel Background="AliceBlue"

                              Focusable="True">

                      <Label>Second StackPanel</Label>

                  </StackPanel>

              </Border>

          </StackPanel>

      </DockPanel>

  </Window>

  对应的代码隐藏文件

  using System.Windows;

  using System.Windows.Controls;

  using System.Windows.Input;

  using System.Windows.Media;

   

  namespace Custom_RoutedCommand

  {

      /// <summary>

      /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml

      /// </summary>

      public partial class MainWindow : Window

      {

          public static RoutedCommand ColorCmd = new RoutedCommand();

          public MainWindow()

          {

              InitializeComponent();

          }

          // ExecutedRoutedEventHandler for the custom color command.

          private void ColorCmdExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)

          {

              Panel target = e.Source as Panel;

              if (target != null)

              {

                  if (target.Background == Brushes.AliceBlue)

                  {

                      target.Background = Brushes.LemonChiffon;

                  }

                  else

                  {

                      target.Background = Brushes.AliceBlue;

                  }

              }

          }

   

          // CanExecuteRoutedEventHandler for the custom color command.

          private void ColorCmdCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)

          {

              if (e.Source is Panel)

              {

                  e.CanExecute = true;

              }

              else

              {

                  e.CanExecute = false;

              }

          }

      }

  }

  Close、Copy、Cut、Delete、Find、Help、New、Open、Paste、Print、PrintPreview、Properties、Redo、Replace、Save、SaveAs、SelectAll、Stop、Undo

  MoveDown、MoveLeft、MoveRight、MoveUp、ScrollByLine、ScrollPageDown、ScrollPageLeft、ScrollPageRight、ScrollPageUp、SelectToEnd、SelectToHome、SelectToPageDown、SelectToPageUp

  ChannelDown、ChannelUp、DecreaseVolume、FastForward、IncreaseVolume、MuteVolume、NextTrack、Pause、Play、PreviousTrack、Record、Rewind、Select、Stop

  BrowseBack、BrowseForward、BrowseHome、BrowseStop、Favorites、FirstPage、GoToPage、LastPage、NextPage、PreviousPage、Refresh、Search、Zoom

  AlignCenter、AlignJustify、AlignLeft、AlignRight、CorrectSpellingError、DecreaseFontSize、DecreaseIndentation、EnterLineBreak、EnterParagraphBreak、IgnoreSpellingError、IncreaseFontSize、IncreaseIndentation、MoveDownByLine、MoveDownByPage、MoveDownByParagraph、MoveLeftByCharacter、MoveLeftByWord、MoveRightByCharacter、MoveRightByWord

  每个属性并不会返回实现ICommand的独特类型，相反，它们都是RoutedUICommand的实例。RoutedUICommand类不仅实现了ICommand接口，还可以像路由事件一样支持冒泡。

  例如：

  helpButton.Command = ApplicationCommands.Help;

  例如：

  this.CommandBings.Add(new CommandBinding(ApplicationCommands.Help, this.HelpExecuted, this.HelpCanExecute));

  其中：ApplicationCommands.Help 是内建命令

  this.HelpExecuted 是自定义执行命令的内容方法

  this.HelpCanExecute 是自定义命令是否可执行的方法

  XAML文件

  <Window x:Class="WpfApplication1.AboutDialog"

          xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

          xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

          Title="About WPF Unleashed"

          SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"

          Background="OrangeRed">

      <Window.CommandBindings>

          <CommandBinding Command="Help"

                          CanExecute="HelpCanExecute"

                          Executed="HelpExecuted" />

      </Window.CommandBindings>

      <StackPanel>

          <Label FontWeight="Bold"

                 FontSize="20"

                 Foreground="White">

              WPF Unleashed (Version 3.0)

          </Label>

          <Label>

              © 2006 SAMS Publishing

          </Label>

          <Label>

              Installed Chapters:

          </Label>

          <ListBox>

              <ListBoxItem>

                  Chapter 1

              </ListBoxItem>

              <ListBoxItem>

                  Chapter 2

              </ListBoxItem>

          </ListBox>

          <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"

                      HorizontalAlignment="Center">

              <Button MinWidth="75"

                      Margin="10"

                      Command="Help"

                      Content="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=Command.Text}" />

              <Button MinWidth="75"

                      Margin="10">

                  OK

              </Button>

          </StackPanel>

          <StatusBar>

              You have successfully registered this product.

          </StatusBar>

      </StackPanel>

  </Window>

  对应的代码隐藏文件

  using System.Windows;

  using System.Windows.Input;

   

  namespace WpfApplication1

  {

      /// <summary>

      /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑

      /// </summary>

      public partial class AboutDialog : Window

      {

          public AboutDialog()

          {

              InitializeComponent();

          }

   

          private void HelpCanExecute(object sender, CanExecuteRoutedEventArgs e)

          {

              e.CanExecute = true;

          }

   

          private void HelpExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e)

          {

              System.Diagnostics.Process.Start("http://www.adamnathan.net/wpf");

          }

      }

  }