JUnit4入门学习

JUnit4入门学习

 

1 继承TestCase类的简单测试

1.1 简单测试

1.1.1 继承TestCase

public class Test1 extends TestCase

A test case defines the fixture to run multiple tests. To define a test case

1.1.2 编写测试方法

public void test**() {

}

测试的方法的格式是固定的

1.1.3 如果需要为每个测试方法前执行什么操作，则需要重写setup方法

protected void setUp() {

}

每个测试方法前都会执行这个方法

setUp

testEquals

setUp

testAdd

1.1.4 如果需要为每个测试方法后执行什么操作，则需要重写

protected void tearDown() throws Exception {

}

setUp

testEquals

tearDown

setUp

testAdd

teardown

1.1.5 使用断言来判断测试的结果

assertEquals(12, 12);

assertTrue(result == 5);

1.1.6 使用命令行语句执行各个Test

public static void main (String[] args) {

junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite());

}

public static Test suite() {

return new TestSuite(SimpleTest.class);

}

TestRunner : A command line based tool to run tests

Test: A Test can be run and collect its results.

TestSuite: A TestSuite is a Composite of Tests. It runs a collection of test cases.

1.2 补充

Fail(string msg)方法:利用JUnit Test跑测试程序的时候，显示的失败提示

 

2 使用annotations的简单测试

2.1 简单测试

2.1.1 新建一个普通的java类

2.1.2 编写测试方法，保证测试方法的根式是

@Test

public void ***() {

}

测试方法的名称可以不以test开头了

The Test annotation tells JUnit that the public void method to which it is attached can be run as a test case. To run the method, JUnit first constructs a fresh instance of the class then invokes the annotated method. Any exceptions thrown by the test will be reported by JUnit as a failure. If no exceptions are thrown, the test is assumed to have succeeded

The Test annotation supports two optional parameters.The first, expected, declares that a test method should throw an exception. If it doesn't throw an exception or if it throws a different exception than the one declared, the test fails. 

The second optional parameter, timeout, causes a test to fail if it takes longer than a specified amount of clock time (measured in milliseconds).

2.1.3 测试方法先添加方法

@Before

public void *() {

}

方法名称可以不叫setup

2.1.4 测试方法后添加方法

@After

public void after()

{ }

2.1.5 使用命令行语句执行各个Test

public static void main (String[] args) {

junit.textui.TestRunner.run(suite());

}

public static junit.framework.Test suite() {

return new JUnit4TestAdapter(ListTest.class);

}

2.2 补充

2.2.1 @BeforeClass

Sometimes several tests need to share computationally expensive setup(like logging into a database). While this can compromise the independence of  tests, sometimes it is a necessary optimization. Annotating a public static void no-arg method with @BeforeClass causes it to be run once before any of the test methods in the class. The @BeforeClass methods of superclasses will be run before those the current class.

2.2.2 @Ignore

Sometimes you want to temporarily disable a test or a group of tests. Methods annotated with @Test that are also annotated with @Ignore will not be executed as tests. Also, you can annotate a class containing test methods with @Ignore and none of the containing  tests will be executed. Native JUnit 4 test runners should report the number of ignored tests along with the number of tests that ran and the number of tests that failed.

  For example:

@Ignore 

@Test

public void something() { ...}

@Ignore takes an optional default parameter if you want to record why a test is being ignored:@ Ignore("not ready yet") Test public void something() { ...}@Ignore can also be applied to the test class:

@Ignore 

public class IgnoreMe {

@Test 

public void test1() { ... }

@Test 

public void test2() { ... }

}