Python单元测试框架之Pytest

Pytest一个非常成熟的全功能的Python测试框架，主要有以下几个特点：

1.简单灵活，容易上手

2.支持参数化

3.能够支持简单的单元测试和复杂的功能测试，还可以用来做selenium/appnium等自动化测试、接口自动化测试（pytest+requests）

4.pytest具有很多第三方插件，并且可以自定义扩展，比较好用的如pytest-selenium（集成selenium）、pytest-html（完美html测试报告生成）、pytest-rerunfailures（失败case重复执行）、pytest-xdist（多CPU分发）等

5.测试用例的skip和xfail处理

6.可以很好的和jenkins集成

7.report框架----allure 也支持了pytest
具体步骤如下所示：
安装Pytest

C:\Users\admin>pip install -U pytest
Collecting pytest
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/d6/36/9e022b76a3ac440e1d750c64fa6152469f988efe0c568b945e396e2693b5/pytest-6.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (272kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 276kB 935kB/s
Collecting py>=1.8.2 (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/68/0f/41a43535b52a81e4f29e420a151032d26f08b62206840c48d14b70e53376/py-1.9.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (99kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 1.1MB/s
Collecting toml (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9f/e1/1b40b80f2e1663a6b9f497123c11d7d988c0919abbf3c3f2688e448c5363/toml-0.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pluggy<1.0,>=0.12 (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a0/28/85c7aa31b80d150b772fbe4a229487bc6644da9ccb7e427dd8cc60cb8a62/pluggy-0.13.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting colorama; sys_platform == "win32" (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/44/98/5b86278fbbf250d239ae0ecb724f8572af1c91f4a11edf4d36a206189440/colorama-0.4.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting attrs>=17.4.0 (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/14/df/479736ae1ef59842f512548bacefad1abed705e400212acba43f9b0fa556/attrs-20.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (48kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 51kB 1.1MB/s
Collecting importlib-metadata>=0.12; python_version < "3.8" (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/6d/6d/f4bb28424bc677bce1210bc19f69a43efe823e294325606ead595211f93e/importlib_metadata-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting iniconfig (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9b/dd/b3c12c6d707058fa947864b67f0c4e0c39ef8610988d7baea9578f3c48f3/iniconfig-1.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting packaging (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/46/19/c5ab91b1b05cfe63cccd5cfc971db9214c6dd6ced54e33c30d5af1d2bc43/packaging-20.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting atomicwrites>=1.0; sys_platform == "win32" (from pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/2c/a0/da5f49008ec6e9a658dbf5d7310a4debd397bce0b4db03cf8a410066bb87/atomicwrites-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting zipp>=0.5 (from importlib-metadata>=0.12; python_version < "3.8"->pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/41/ad/6a4f1a124b325618a7fb758b885b68ff7b058eec47d9220a12ab38d90b1f/zipp-3.4.0-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting pyparsing>=2.0.2 (from packaging->pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/8a/bb/488841f56197b13700afd5658fc279a2025a39e22449b7cf29864669b15d/pyparsing-2.4.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (67kB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 71kB 1.1MB/s
Collecting six (from packaging->pytest)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ff/48bde5c0f013094d729fe4b0316ba2a24774b3ff1c52d924a8a4cb04078a/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: py, toml, zipp, importlib-metadata, pluggy, colorama, attrs, iniconfig, pyparsing, six, packaging, atomicwrites, pytest
Successfully installed atomicwrites-1.4.0 attrs-20.2.0 colorama-0.4.4 importlib-metadata-2.0.0 iniconfig-1.1.1 packaging-20.4 pluggy-0.13.1 py-1.9.0 pyparsing-2.4.7 pytest-6.1.1 six-1.15.0 toml-0.10.1 zipp-3.4.0

查看Pytest

C:\Users\admin>pip show pytest
Name: pytest
Version: 6.1.1
Summary: pytest: simple powerful testing with Python
Home-page: https://docs