职责链模式

职责链模式：使多个对象有机会处理请求，从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合。将这个对象连成一条链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，直到有一个对象处理它为止。

即用类来处理请求的一个分支，并将下个分支的处理传递到下个类来处理。这样就将请求的不同分支情况切割为各个类来管理，解耦。

先创建一个请求，它存储的是我们条件判断要用的信息，就是if else对应需要信息。

public class Request {
    private String requestType;
    private String requestContent;
    private int number;

    public void setRequestType(String requestType) {
        this.requestType = requestType;
    }
    public String getRequestType() {
        return requestType;
    }

    public void setRequestContent(String requestContent) {
        this.requestContent = requestContent;
    }
    public String getRequestContent() {
        return requestContent;
    }

    public void setNumber(int number) {
        this.number = number;
    }
    public int getNumber() {
        return number;
    }
}

然后创建一个管理类，它是一个接口，定义了设置下一个类的方法，和一个处理请求的虚函数。
我的理解是，这个类就是将每个类链接起来的接口，由于所有职责链上的类都要实现这个类中的处理函数，并且除了最后一个类都需要设置下个是哪个类来处理请求，就将所有继承它的类都链接了起来。

管理接口：

public abstract class Manager {
    protected String name;
    protected Manager superior;

    public Manager(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setSuperior(Manager superior) {
        this.superior = superior;
    }

    public abstract void requestApplication(Request request);
}

具体类

public class CommonManager extends Manager {
    public CommonManager(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void requestApplication(Request request) {
        if ("请假" == request.getRequestType() && request.getNumber() <= 2) {
            System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getRequestContent() + " 天数：" + request.getNumber() + "被批准");
        }
        else {
            if (null != superior) {
                superior.requestApplication(request);
            }
        }
    }
}

public class Majordomo extends Manager {
    public Majordomo(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void requestApplication(Request request) {
        if ("请假" == request.getRequestType() && request.getNumber() <= 5) {
            System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getRequestContent() + " 天数：" + request.getNumber() + "被批准");
        }
        else {
            if (null != superior) {
                superior.requestApplication(request);
            }
        }
    }
}

public class GeneralManager extends Manager {
    public GeneralManager(String name) {
        super(name);
    }

    @Override
    public void requestApplication(Request request) {
        if("请假" == request.getRequestType()) {
            System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getRequestContent() + " 天数：" + request.getNumber() + "被批准");
        }
        else if("加薪" == request.getRequestType() && request.getNumber() <= 500) {
            System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getRequestContent() + " 金额：" + request.getNumber() + "被批准");
        }
        else if("加薪" == request.getRequestType() && request.getNumber() > 500) {
            System.out.println(name + ":" + request.getRequestContent() + " 金额：" + request.getNumber() + "再说吧");
        }
    }
}

有客户端来设置职责链中每个类的访问循序：

CommonManager jinli = new CommonManager("经理");
Majordomo zongjian  = new Majordomo("总监");
GeneralManager zongjianli = new GeneralManager("总经理");
//设置访问循序
jinli.setSuperior(zongjian);
zongjian.setSuperior(zongjianli);

Request request = new Request();
request.setRequestType("请假");
request.setRequestContent("小明请假");
request.setNumber(1);
jinli.requestApplication(request);

Request request1 = new Request();
request1.setRequestType("请假");
request1.setRequestContent("小李请假");
request1.setNumber(5);
jinli.requestApplication(request1);

Request request2 = new Request();
request2.setRequestType("加薪");
request2.setRequestContent("小红请求加薪");
request2.setNumber(500);
jinli.requestApplication(request2);

Request request3 = new Request();
request3.setRequestType("加薪");
request3.setRequestContent("小张请求加薪");
request3.setNumber(1000);
zongjian.requestApplication(request3);

可以看到，有了职责链以后就不需要在改需求的时候去看那么多的if else都揉在一个函数里的代码了。只需要相应修改对应类就可以了。