Android广播接收器：在运行时启用和禁用

广播接收器是Android应用程序的基本组成部分之一。 在Android应用程序中添加广播接收器有两种不同的方法。 可以以编程方式或在Android Manifest文件中添加它。 添加广播接收器时应小心，因为不必要的广播接收器会消耗电池电量。 如果将广播接收器添加到Android清单文件中，则意味着您将在广播接收器中处理特定的意图，而不是忽略它。 有一种方法可以启用和禁用清单文件中添加的广播接收器。

范例程式码

应用程序布局文件。

<LinearLayout xmlns:android='http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android'
    xmlns:tools='http://schemas.android.com/tools'
    android:layout_width='match_parent'
    android:layout_height='match_parent' 
    android:orientation='vertical'>

     <Button
        android:layout_width='fill_parent'
        android:layout_height='wrap_content'
        android:padding='@dimen/padding_medium'
        android:text='@string/start_repeating_alarm'
        android:onClick='startRepeatingAlarm'
        tools:context='.EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver' />
     <Button
       android:layout_width='fill_parent'
       android:layout_height='wrap_content'
       android:padding='@dimen/padding_medium'
       android:text='@string/cancel_alarm'
       android:onClick='cancelAlarm'
       tools:context='.EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver' />
     
    <Button
        android:layout_width='fill_parent'
        android:layout_height='wrap_content'
        android:padding='@dimen/padding_medium'
        android:text='@string/enable_broadcast_receiver'
        android:onClick='enableBroadcastReceiver'
        tools:context='.EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver' />
   <Button
       android:layout_width='fill_parent'
       android:layout_height='wrap_content'
       android:padding='@dimen/padding_medium'
       android:text='@string/disable_broadcast_receiver'
       android:onClick='disableBroadcastReceiver'
       tools:context='.EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver' />
       
</LinearLayout>

在上面的布局文件中，我们在按钮的文本字段中使用了一些字符串常量。 让我们在string.xml中定义这些字符串常量，如下所示。

<resources>
    <string name='app_name'>EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver</string>
    <string name='enable_broadcast_receiver'>Enable Broadcast Receiver</string>
    <string name='disable_broadcast_receiver'>Disable Broadcast Receiver</string>
    <string name='start_repeating_alarm'>Start Repeating Alarm</string>
    <string name='cancel_alarm'>Cancel Alarm</string>
    <string name='menu_settings'>Settings</string>
    <string name='title_activity_enable_disable_boradcast_receiver'>EnableDisableBoradcastReceiver</string>
</resources>

广播接收器

我们将使用AlarmManager设置重复警报，该警报最终将在特定时间间隔发送意图。 阅读这篇文章以了解有关AlarmManager的更多信息。现在创建AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver类以扩展BroadcastReceiver类。 该类的内容如下。

package com.code4reference.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver;

import java.text.Format;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.PowerManager;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

 final public static String ONE_TIME = 'onetime';
 @Override
 public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

         //You can do the processing here update the widget/remote views.
         StringBuilder msgStr = new StringBuilder();
         //Format time.
         Format formatter = new SimpleDateFormat('hh:mm:ss a');
         msgStr.append(formatter.format(new Date()));

         Toast.makeText(context, msgStr, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                 
 }
}

启用/禁用广播接收器

现在，我们将定义主要活动，该活动使用alarmManager设置重复警报。 重复警报将每3秒广播一次意图。 此警报已在下面的setRepeatingAlarm（）方法中设置。

package com.code4reference.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver;

import com.example.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver.R;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlarmManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver extends Activity {

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    /**
     * This method gets called when 'Start Repeating Alarm' button is pressed.
     * It sets the repeating alarm whose periodicity is 3 seconds.
     * @param view
     */
    public void startRepeatingAlarm(View view)
    {
        AlarmManager am=(AlarmManager)this.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver.class);
        PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intent, 0);
        //After after 2 seconds
        am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, System.currentTimeMillis(), 1000 * 4 , pi); 
        Toast.makeText(this, 'Started Repeating Alarm', Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
 /**
  * This method gets called when 'cancel Alarm' button is pressed.
  * This method cancels the previously set repeating alarm.
  * @param view
  */
    public void cancelAlarm(View view)
    {
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver.class);
        PendingIntent sender = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, intent, 0);
        AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager) this.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        alarmManager.cancel(sender);
        Toast.makeText(this, 'Cancelled alarm', Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    /**
     * This method enables the Broadcast receiver registered in the AndroidManifest file.
     * @param view
     */
   public void enableBroadcastReceiver(View view){
    ComponentName receiver = new ComponentName(this, AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver.class);
    PackageManager pm = this.getPackageManager();

    pm.setComponentEnabledSetting(receiver,
            PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_ENABLED,
            PackageManager.DONT_KILL_APP);
    Toast.makeText(this, 'Enabled broadcast receiver', Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
   /**
    * This method disables the Broadcast receiver registered in the AndroidManifest file.
    * @param view
    */
   public void disableBroadcastReceiver(View view){
    ComponentName receiver = new ComponentName(this, AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver.class);
    PackageManager pm = this.getPackageManager();

    pm.setComponentEnabledSetting(receiver,
            PackageManager.COMPONENT_ENABLED_STATE_DISABLED,
            PackageManager.DONT_KILL_APP);
    Toast.makeText(this, 'Disabled broadcst receiver', Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }   
}

我们在清单文件中添加AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver。 这将注册广播接收器。

<manifest xmlns:android='http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android'
    package='com.example.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver'
    android:versionCode='1'
    android:versionName='1.0' >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion='15'
        android:targetSdkVersion='15' />
    <application
        android:icon='@drawable/ic_launcher'
        android:label='@string/app_name'
        android:theme='@style/AppTheme' >
        <activity
            android:name='com.code4reference.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver.EnableDisableBroadcastReceiver'
            android:label='@string/title_activity_enable_disable_boradcast_receiver' >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name='android.intent.action.MAIN' />
                <category android:name='android.intent.category.LAUNCHER' />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <!-- Broadcast receiver -->
        <receiver android:name='com.code4reference.enabledisablebroadcastreceiver.AlarmManagerBroadcastReceiver' />
    </application>
</manifest>

完成后，执行代码，您将注意到如下所示的应用程序。

您可以在github / Code4Reference上获得完整的源代码。 您可以在此处找到更多Android教程。

参考： 在运行时 ，通过Code4Reference博客上的JCG合作伙伴 Rakesh Cusat 启用和禁用广播接收器 。

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2012/08/android-broadcast-receiver-enable-and.html