Hadoop：DataNode无法启动

在继续与Mahout交流时，我最终决定放弃使用本地文件系统，而改为使用本地Hadoop，因为在遵循任何示例时，这似乎会减少很多麻烦。

不幸的是，我尝试将本地文件系统中的任何文件上传到HDFS的所有尝试均得到了满足，但以下情况除外：

java.io.IOException: File /user/markneedham/book2.txt could only be replicated to 0 nodes, instead of 1
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.getAdditionalBlock(FSNamesystem.java:1448)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode.addBlock(NameNode.java:690)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.WritableRpcEngine$Server.call(WritableRpcEngine.java:342)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1350)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:1346)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:396)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:742)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:1344)
 
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Client.call(Client.java:905)
at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.WritableRpcEngine$Invoker.invoke(WritableRpcEngine.java:198)
at $Proxy0.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invokeMethod(RetryInvocationHandler.java:82)
at org.apache.hadoop.io.retry.RetryInvocationHandler.invoke(RetryInvocationHandler.java:59)
at $Proxy0.addBlock(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.locateFollowingBlock(DFSOutputStream.java:928)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.nextBlockOutputStream(DFSOutputStream.java:811)
at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.DFSOutputStream$DataStreamer.run(DFSOutputStream.java:427)

通过查看jps的输出，我最终意识到DataNode并未真正启动，这解释了我所看到的错误消息。

快速查看日志文件，发现出了什么问题：

/usr/local/Cellar/hadoop/2.7.1/libexec/logs/hadoop-markneedham-datanode-marks-mbp-4.zte.com.cn.log

2016-07-21 18:58:00,496 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage: java.io.IOException: Incompatible clusterIDs in /usr/local/Cellar/hadoop/hdfs/tmp/dfs/data: namenode clusterID = CID-c2e0b896-34a6-4dde-b6cd-99f36d613e6a; datanode clusterID = CID-403dde8b-bdc8-41d9-8a30-fe2dc951575c
2016-07-21 18:58:00,496 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Initialization failed for Block pool <registering> (Datanode Uuid unassigned) service to /0.0.0.0:8020. Exiting.
java.io.IOException: All specified directories are failed to load.
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataStorage.recoverTransitionRead(DataStorage.java:477)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initStorage(DataNode.java:1361)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode.initBlockPool(DataNode.java:1326)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPOfferService.verifyAndSetNamespaceInfo(BPOfferService.java:316)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.connectToNNAndHandshake(BPServiceActor.java:223)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.BPServiceActor.run(BPServiceActor.java:801)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
2016-07-21 18:58:00,497 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Ending block pool service for: Block pool <registering> (Datanode Uuid unassigned) service to /0.0.0.0:8020
2016-07-21 18:58:00,602 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Removed Block pool <registering> (Datanode Uuid unassigned)
2016-07-21 18:58:02,607 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: Exiting Datanode
2016-07-21 18:58:02,608 INFO org.apache.hadoop.util.ExitUtil: Exiting with status 0
2016-07-21 18:58:02,610 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.datanode.DataNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:

我不确定我的clusterID如何不同步，尽管我希望这是因为我重新格式化了HDFS，但没有意识到。 还有其他 方法可以解决此问题，但是对我而言，最快的方法就是核对日志文件告诉我的DataNode的数据目录在这里：

sudo rm -r /usr/local/Cellar/hadoop/hdfs/tmp/dfs/data/current

然后，我重新运行从本教程中窃取的hstart脚本，所有内容（包括这次的DataNode） 均已正确启动：

$ jps
26736 NodeManager
26392 DataNode
26297 NameNode
26635 ResourceManager
26510 SecondaryNameNode

现在，我可以再次将本地文件上传到HDFS。 ＃赢得！

翻译自: https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2016/07/hadoop-datanode-not-starting.html