注解@Retention的作用

注解@Retention可以用来修饰注解，是注解的注解，称为元注解。
Retention注解有一个属性value，是RetentionPolicy类型的，Enum RetentionPolicy是一个枚举类型，
这个枚举决定了Retention注解应该如何去保持，也可理解为Rentention 搭配 RententionPolicy使用。RetentionPolicy有3个值：CLASS  RUNTIME   SOURCE
按生命周期来划分可分为3类：
1、RetentionPolicy.SOURCE：注解只保留在源文件，当Java文件编译成class文件的时候，注解被遗弃；
2、RetentionPolicy.CLASS：注解被保留到class文件，但jvm加载class文件时候被遗弃，这是默认的生命周期；
3、RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME：注解不仅被保存到class文件中，jvm加载class文件之后，仍然存在；
这3个生命周期分别对应于：Java源文件(.java文件) ---> .class文件 ---> 内存中的字节码。
那怎么来选择合适的注解生命周期呢？
首先要明确生命周期长度 SOURCE < CLASS < RUNTIME ，所以前者能作用的地方后者一定也能作用。
一般如果需要在运行时去动态获取注解信息，那只能用 RUNTIME 注解，比如@Deprecated使用RUNTIME注解
如果要在编译时进行一些预处理操作，比如生成一些辅助代码（如 ButterKnife），就用 CLASS注解；
如果只是做一些检查性的操作，比如 @Override 和 @SuppressWarnings，使用SOURCE 注解。

注解@Override用在方法上，当我们想重写一个方法时，在方法上加@Override，当我们方法的名字出错时，编译器就会报错
注解@Deprecated，用来表示某个类或属性或方法已经过时，不想别人再用时，在属性和方法上用@Deprecated修饰
注解@SuppressWarnings用来压制程序中出来的警告，比如在没有用泛型或是方法已经过时的时候

转自：
http://blog.csdn.net/liuwenbo0920/article/details/7290586
http://blog.csdn.net/github_35180164/article/details/52118286
英文好的可以阅读以下源码：

 

1. package java.lang.annotation;

2.  

3. /**

4. * Annotation retention policy. The constants of this enumerated type

5. * describe the various policies for retaining annotations. They are used

6. * in conjunction with the {@link Retention} meta-annotation type to specify

7. * how long annotations are to be retained.

8. *

9. * @author Joshua Bloch

10. * @since 1.5

11. */

12. public enum RetentionPolicy {

13. /**

14. * Annotations are to be discarded by the compiler.

15. */

16. SOURCE,

17.  

18. /**

19. * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler

20. * but need not be retained by the VM at run time. This is the default

21. * behavior.

22. */

23. CLASS,

24.  

25. /**

26. * Annotations are to be recorded in the class file by the compiler and

27. * retained by the VM at run time, so they may be read reflectively.

28. *

29. * @see java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement

30. */

31. RUNTIME

32. }

 

1. @Target({TYPE, FIELD, METHOD, PARAMETER, CONSTRUCTOR, LOCAL_VARIABLE})

2. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)

3. public @interface SuppressWarnings {

4. /**

5. * The set of warnings that are to be suppressed by the compiler in the

6. * annotated element. Duplicate names are permitted. The second and

7. * successive occurrences of a name are ignored. The presence of

8. * unrecognized warning names is <i>not</i> an error: Compilers must

9. * ignore any warning names they do not recognize. They are, however,

10. * free to emit a warning if an annotation contains an unrecognized

11. * warning name.

12. *

13. * <p> The string {@code "unchecked"} is used to suppress

14. * unchecked warnings. Compiler vendors should document the

15. * additional warning names they support in conjunction with this

16. * annotation type. They are encouraged to cooperate to ensure

17. * that the same names work across multiple compilers.

18. * @return the set of warnings to be suppressed

19. */

20. String[] value();

21. }

1. /*

2. * Copyright (c) 2003, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

3. * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.

4. *

5. */

6.  

7. package java.lang;

8.  

9. import java.lang.annotation.*;

10. import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.*;

11.  

12. /**

13. * A program element annotated @Deprecated is one that programmers

14. * are discouraged from using, typically because it is dangerous,

15. * or because a better alternative exists. Compilers warn when a

16. * deprecated program element is used or overridden in non-deprecated code.

17. *

18. * @author Neal Gafter

19. * @since 1.5

20. * @jls 9.6.3.6 @Deprecated

21. */

22. @Documented

23. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

24. @Target(value={CONSTRUCTOR, FIELD, LOCAL_VARIABLE, METHOD, PACKAGE, PARAMETER, TYPE})

25. public @interface Deprecated {

26. }

1. @Target(ElementType.METHOD)

2. @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)

3. public @interface Override {

4. }

转自：https://blog.csdn.net/u010002184/article/details/79166478