import time
def hello_world():
print('Hello ...')
# 模拟需要执行1s的代码
time.sleep(1)
print('... World!')
def main():
for i in range(10):
hello_world()
print(f"started at {time.strftime('%X')}")
main()
print(f"finished at {time.strftime('%X')}")
假如我有10个task, 在这里就是10个hello_world(), 每个task需要执行1s以上, 这10个task,没有依赖关系,可以并发执行。
如果顺序执行的话需要大概11s。
started at 20:13:20
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
Hello ...
... World!
finished at 20:13:31
我改用python异步编程,修改代码如下:
异步函数要有关键字async ;
asyncio.create_task() 函数将async def hello_world(s) 协程 封装为一个 Task 并调度其执行。返回 Task 对象。
await task等待task任务的完成(并不是必须的)。
import asyncio
import time
async def hello_world(s):
print('Hello ...task %s' % s)
# 模拟需要执行1s的代码
await asyncio.sleep(1)
print('... World! %s' % s)
async def main():
task_l = {'task_%s' % i: None for i in range(10)}
for i, j in zip(range(10), task_l):
task_l[j] = asyncio.create_task(hello_world(i))
for t in task_l:
await task_l[t]
print(f"started at {time.strftime('%X')}")
asyncio.run(main())
print(f"finished at {time.strftime('%X')}")
10个task并发执行,不需要等待前一个task结束,执行时间大约2s。
started at 20:24:06
Hello ...task 0
Hello ...task 1
Hello ...task 2
Hello ...task 3
Hello ...task 4
Hello ...task 5
Hello ...task 6
Hello ...task 7
Hello ...task 8
Hello ...task 9
... World! 0
... World! 2
... World! 6
... World! 9
... World! 8
... World! 5
... World! 7
... World! 4
... World! 1
... World! 3
finished at 20:24:07
python 异步编程简洁明了,大大缩短执行时间。