HDU——5667Sequence（矩阵快速幂构造+费马小定理优化）

最新推荐文章于 2019-10-17 20:36:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2019-10-17 20:36:27 发布

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本文探讨了一种递归序列的计算方法，利用矩阵快速幂和费马小定理进行模运算优化，解决了大规模数据下序列项的计算问题。通过Java实现，详细介绍了算法流程与关键代码。

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        Holion August will eat every thing he has found.

        Now there are many foods,but he does not want to eat all of them at once,so he find a sequence.

fn=⎧⎩⎨⎪⎪1,ab,abfcn−1fn−2,n=1n=2otherwisefn={1,n=1ab,n=2abfn−1cfn−2,otherwise

        He gives you 5 numbers n,a,b,c,p,and he will eat fnfn foods.But there are only p foods,so you should tell him fnfn mod p.

Input

        The first line has a number,T,means testcase.

        Each testcase has 5 numbers,including n,a,b,c,p in a line.

    1≤T≤10,1≤n≤1018,1≤a,b,c≤109    1≤T≤10,1≤n≤1018,1≤a,b,c≤109,pp is a prime number,and p≤109+7p≤109+7.

Output

Output one number for each case,which is fnfn mod p.

Sample Input

1
5 3 3 3 233

Sample Output

详细思路：

费马小定理对幂次优化：求kn的过程中对p-1取余，求a^kn对p取余

需要注意：如果a是p的倍数即a%p==0的话，a^kn%p为0

一开始错误原因：

1.前边三个if判断不成立直接continue造成了t--没有执行

2.对于n==2的情况，要先判断a%p是否为0，再求解

代码：

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
	static long n,a,b,c,p;
	static final int max=3;
	public static long[][] multi(long aa[][],long bb[][]){
		  long res[][]=new long[max][max];
		  for(int i=0;i<max;i++)
			  Arrays.fill(res[i], 0);
		  for(int i=0;i<max;i++)
				  for(int j=0;j<max;j++)
					  for(int k=0;k<max;k++)
						  res[i][j]=(res[i][j]+aa[i][k]*bb[k][j]%(p-1))%(p-1);
		  return res;
	}
	public static long[][] quick_pow1(long aa[][],long t){
	    long res[][]=new long[max][max];
	    for(int i=0;i<max;i++)
	    	for(int j=0;j<max;j++)
	    	    if(i==j)  res[i][j]=1;
	    	    else res[i][j]=0;
	    while(t>0){
	    	if((t&1)==1) res=multi(res,aa);
	    	t/=2;
	    	aa=multi(aa,aa);
	    }
	    return res;
	}
	public static long quick_pow2(long aa,long bb){
		long res=1;
		while(bb!=0){
			if((bb&1)==1) res=res*aa%p;
			bb/=2;
			aa=aa*aa%p;
		}
		return res%p;
	}
      public static void main(String[] args) {
		 Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in);
		 int t=scan.nextInt();
		 while(t>0){
			 n=scan.nextLong();
			 a=scan.nextLong();
			 b=scan.nextLong();
			 c=scan.nextLong();
			 p=scan.nextLong();
			 if(n==1){
				 System.out.println("1");
			 }
			 else if(a%p==0){
				 System.out.println("0");
			 }
			 else if(n==2){
				 long s=quick_pow2(a,b);
				 System.out.println(s);
			 }
			 else{
			 long init[][]=new long[max][max];
			 for(int i=0;i<max;i++)
				 Arrays.fill(init[i], 0);
			 init[0][0]=c;
			 init[0][1]=init[0][2]=init[1][0]=init[2][2]=1;
			 long res[][]=new long[max][max];
			 res=quick_pow1(init,n-2);
			 long c[][]=new long[max][max];
			 for(int i=0;i<max;i++)
				 Arrays.fill(c[i], 0);
			 c[0][0]=c[2][0]=b;
			 long kn=(res[0][0]*c[0][0]%(p-1)+res[0][1]*c[1][0]%(p-1)+res[0][2]*c[2][0]%(p-1))%(p-1);
			 System.out.println(quick_pow2(a,kn));
			 }
			 t--;
		 }
	}
}