linux下安装配置jdk8

直接下载jdk压缩包方式安装(这里只介绍jdk8)
　分为下面5个步骤

1.官网下载JDK

2.解压缩,放到指定目录

3.配置环境变量

4.设置系统默认JDK

　5. 测试jdk

1.官网下载JDK　　　

地址: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/javase/index-jsp-138363.html
　　选择相应的 .gz包下载

2. 解压缩,放到指定目录(以jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz为例)

　　创建目录:
sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm

　解压缩到该目录:
sudo tar -zxvf jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/lib/jvm

3.修改环境变量:
sudo vim ~/.bashrc

　文件的末尾追加下面内容:
#set oracle jdk environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221 ## 这里要注意目录要换成自己解压的jdk 目录
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH

　使环境变量马上生效
source ~/.bashrc

4.设置系统默认jdk 版本(可选项)

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/java 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/javac 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/jar 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javah javah /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/javah 300
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javap javap /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/javap 300

　然后执行:
sudo update-alternatives --config java

若是初次安装jdk,会有下面的提示
There is only one alternative in link group java (providing /usr/bin/java):
/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_221/bin/java

　否者,选择合适的jdk

5.测试jdk

java -version