C++多线程（五）

多线程之等待函数
一 等待函数

1）函数列举

Wait function	Description
MsgWaitForMultipleObjects	Waits until one or all of the specified objects are in the signaled state or the time-out interval elapses. The objects can include input event objects.
MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx	Waits until one or all of the specified objects are in the signaled state, an I/O completion routine or asynchronous procedure call (APC) is queued to the thread, or the time-out interval elapses. The array of objects can include input event objects.
RegisterWaitForSingleObject	Directs a wait thread in the thread pool to wait on the object.
SignalObjectAndWait	Atomically signals one object and waits on another object.
UnregisterWait	Cancels a registered wait operation.
UnregisterWaitEx	Cancels a registered wait operation.
WaitForMultipleObjects	Waits until one or all of the specified objects are in the signaled state or the time-out interval elapses.
WaitForMultipleObjectsEx	Waits until one or all of the specified objects are in the signaled state, an I/O completion routine or asynchronous procedure call (APC) is queued to the thread, or the time-out interval elapses.
WaitForSingleObject	Waits until the specified object is in the signaled state or the time-out interval elapses.
WaitForSingleObjectEx	Waits until the specified object is in the signaled state, an I/O completion routine or asynchronous procedure call (APC) is queued to the thread, or the time-out interval elapses.
WaitOrTimerCallback	An application-defined function that serves as the starting address for a timer callback or a registered wait callback.

Waitable-timer function	Description
CancelWaitableTimer	Sets the specified waitable timer to the inactive state.
CreateWaitableTimer	Creates or opens a waitable timer object.
CreateWaitableTimerEx	Creates or opens a waitable timer object and returns a handle to the object.
OpenWaitableTimer	Opens an existing named waitable timer object.
SetWaitableTimer	Activates the specified waitable timer.
TimerAPCProc	Application-defined timer completion routine used with theSetWaitableTimer function.

2）简单说明WaitForSingleObject

DWORD WaitForSingleObject(HANDLE hObject,DWORD dwMilliseconds);

参数hObject：要等待的内核对象的句柄。
参数dwMilliseconds： 设置的等待超时的时间，以毫秒为单位。可以设置为INGINIT。     
                                     顺便说一下，INFINITE已经定义为0xFFFFFFFF（或-1）。当然，传递INFINITE有些危险。如果对象永远不变为已
                                     通知状态，那么调用线程永远不会被唤醒，它将永远处于死锁状态。
返回值：WAIT_OBJECT_0表示要等待的对象已经变为已通知的状态。
                 WAIT_TIMEOUT表示设置的时间超时。
                 WAIT_FAILED表示失败，可能是传入的handle不正确或其他的问题。

DWORD dw = WaitForSingleObject(hProcess, 5000);
switch(dw)
{
   case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
      // The process terminated.
      break;

   case WAIT_TIMEOUT:
      // The process did not terminate within 5000 milliseconds.
      break;

   case WAIT_FAILED:
      // Bad call to function (invalid handle?)
      break;
}

3)简单说明WaitForMultipleObjects

DWORD WaitForMultipleObjects(DWORD dwCount,CONST HANDLE* phObjects,BOOL fWaitAll,DWORD dwMilliseconds);

参数dwCout：需要等待的内核对象的数量。
参数phObjects：需要等待的内核对象的是数组的指针。
参数fWaitAll：表示是否需要等待所有的内核对象。
参数dwMilliseconds：设置等待超时的时间。（同上函数）

返回值：WAIT_FAILED和WAIT_TIMEOUT同上函数。
 如果为fWaitAll参数传递TRUE，同时所有对象均变为已通知状态，那么返回值是WAIT_OBJECT_0。如果为fWaitAll传递FALSE       ，那么一旦任何一个对象变为已通知状态，该函数便返回。在这种情况下，你可能想要知道哪个对象变为已通知状态。返回值是WAIT_OBJECT_0与（WAIT_OBJECT_0+dwCount- 1）之间的一个值。

HANDLE h[3];
h[0] = hProcess1;
h[1] = hProcess2;
h[2] = hProcess3;
DWORD dw = WaitForMultipleObjects(3, h, FALSE, 5000);
switch(dw) 
{
   case WAIT_FAILED:
      // Bad call to function (invalid handle?)
      break;

   case WAIT_TIMEOUT:
      // None of the objects became signaled within 5000 milliseconds.
      break;

   case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 0:
      // The process identified by h[0] (hProcess1) terminated.
      break;

   case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1:
      // The process identified by h[1] (hProcess2) terminated.
      break;

   case WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 2:
      // The process identified by h[2] (hProcess3) terminated.
      break;
}

二 参考msdn和windows核心编程。