CentOS8.0 安装mysql8.0.23

最近要在centos8.0下面安装一个mysql作为测试环境数据库，遇到一些坑，记录一下正确打开方式

1、官网下载mysql集成安装包，并解压

mysql-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、检查是否安装过mariadb，有的话移除

rpm -qa | grep -i mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps ……

3、依次安装客户端common，libs，client，server

• rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
• rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
• rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
• rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

此处有坑，warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.23-1.el8.i686.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

遇到此坑在rpm语句后面加上--force --nodeps即可正常安装；
参考链接

4、常用的环境配置

安装成功后打开/etc/my.cnf，加上lower_case_table_names=1，该配置不区分数据表大小写（mysql在linux下默认区分）

5、初始化mysql

mysqld --initialize

此处可能会报错：mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

需安装libaio相关包：yum install -y libaio

6、启动mysql服务

systemctl start mysqld

此处也有坑，启动失败，因为默认安装的/var/lib/mysql目录权限不够

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

随后启动成功

7、查看初始化生成的root密码并使用初始密码登录

cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

mysql -uroot -p

此处也有坑，登陆后需立即用alter user修改密码，否则报错：

ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement

ALTER USER "root"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "自己的密码";

8、使用新密码登录并设置远程连接

use mysql;

update user set host = '%' where user ='root';

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password;#更改加密方式

ALTER USER "root"@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "123456";#更改加密方式后从新设置一下密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'%' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;