使用Map和Set的集合映射,都可以配合1对多,但是其中还是有细微的差别,主要体现在一方的inverse属性上
数据库结构如下:
其中member表的team字段对应team的id
`id` varchar ( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
`name` varchar ( 50 ) default NULL ,
`age` varchar ( 50 ) default NULL ,
`teamRole` varchar ( 50 ) default NULL ,
`team` varchar ( 50 ) default NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = gb2312;
CREATE TABLE `team1` (
`id` varchar ( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
`name` varchar ( 50 ) default NULL ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET = gb2312;
持久话类(使用Set方式)
public class Member ... {
private String id;
private String name;
private String teamRole;
private Team team;
private String age;
public String getAge() ...{
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) ...{
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() ...{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) ...{
this.name = name;
}
public String getTeamRole() ...{
return teamRole;
}
public void setTeamRole(String teamRole) ...{
this.teamRole = teamRole;
}
public String getId() ...{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ...{
this.id = id;
}
public Team getTeam() ...{
return team;
}
public void setTeam(Team team) ...{
this.team = team;
}
}
package maponetomany;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
public class Team ... {
private String id;
private String name;
private Set members=new HashSet();
public String getId() ...{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ...{
this.id = id;
}
public Set getMembers() ...{
return members;
}
public void setMembers(Set members) ...{
this.members = members;
}
public String getName() ...{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) ...{
this.name = name;
}
}
这是相应的HBM映射文件
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="maponetomany" >
< class name ="Member" table ="member1" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" column ="name" />
< property name ="age" column ="age" />
< property name ="teamRole" column ="teamRole" />
< many-to-one name ="team" column ="team" />
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="maponetomany" >
< class name ="Team" table ="team1" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" column ="name" />
< set name ="members" inverse ="true" cascade ="save-update" >
< key column ="team" />
< one-to-many class ="Member" />
</ set >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
以下是测试代码:
这里要注意的是,member的teamRole属性是通过javabean的set方式注入的,用Map实现时,则是作为map的index属性去注入,没有在代码中显示的调用set方法,这也是本文讨论的重点
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session=sf.openSession();
Transaction t=session.beginTransaction();
Team team=new Team();
team.setName("足球队-01");
Member m1=new Member();
m1.setName("01队01号");
m1.setAge("22");
m1.setTeam(team);
m1.setTeamRole("中后卫");
Member m2=new Member();
m2.setName("01队02号");
m2.setAge("33");
m2.setTeam(team);
m2.setTeamRole("守门员");
team.getMembers().add(m1);
team.getMembers().add(m2);
session.save(team);
t.commit();
System.out.println("success");
}
运行结果如下:
Hibernate: insert into team1 (name, id) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, teamRole, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, teamRole, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
可以看到,两个表的数据都插入了,而且关联正确(member的team值为team表的id)
如果我们改成Map方式,则需要改变持久话类的代码和映射文件,如下:
持久话类变化不大,只不过是把Set换成Map,但映射文件变化较大
public class Member ... {
private String id;
private String name;
private String teamRole;
private Team team;
private String age;
public String getAge() ...{
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) ...{
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() ...{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) ...{
this.name = name;
}
public String getTeamRole() ...{
return teamRole;
}
public void setTeamRole(String teamRole) ...{
this.teamRole = teamRole;
}
public String getId() ...{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ...{
this.id = id;
}
public Team getTeam() ...{
return team;
}
public void setTeam(Team team) ...{
this.team = team;
}
}
package maponetomany;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class Team ... {
private String id;
private String name;
private Map members=new HashMap();
public String getId() ...{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) ...{
this.id = id;
}
public Map getMembers() ...{
return members;
}
public void setMembers(Map members) ...{
this.members = members;
}
public String getName() ...{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) ...{
this.name = name;
}
}
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="maponetomany" >
< class name ="Member" table ="member1" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" column ="name" />
< property name ="age" column ="age" />
//这里缺少了 < property name ="teamRole" column ="teamRole" /> 因为这个属性不再由set方式注入,换成map的index
< many-to-one name ="team" column ="team" />
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--
Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping package ="maponetomany" >
< class name ="Team" table ="team1" >
< id name ="id" column ="id" >
< generator class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
</ id >
< property name ="name" column ="name" />
< map name ="members" inverse ="true" cascade ="save-update" >
< key column ="team" />
< index type ="string" column ="teamRole" /> //map映射,把index映射成teamRole字段
< one-to-many class ="Member" />
</ map >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
测试代码做一些相应的调整
Configuration cfg=new Configuration();
cfg.configure();
SessionFactory sf=cfg.buildSessionFactory();
Session session=sf.openSession();
Transaction t=session.beginTransaction();
Team team=new Team();
team.setName("足球队-01");
Member m1=new Member();
m1.setName("01队01号");
m1.setAge("22");
m1.setTeam(team);
m1.setTeamRole("中后卫");
Member m2=new Member();
m2.setName("01队02号");
m2.setAge("33");
m2.setTeam(team);
m2.setTeamRole("守门员");
team.getMembers().put("守门员", m1);
team.getMembers().put("中后卫", m2);
session.save(team);
t.commit();
System.out.println("success");
}
运行代码:
Hibernate: insert into team1 (name, id) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
可以发现,这是不正确的,虽然关联正常,但是member的teamRole字段没有写入,原因就是因为我们在1方还是设置成inverse="true" 这在使用set方式时候,由多方来进行关系维护可以带来效率的提升,但是,在使用Map的时候,由于member的teamRoles属性是定义在1方的,所以,为了能正确的写入teamRoles,必须要在1方设置inverse="false"
修改后的HQL如下:
Hibernate: insert into team1 (name, id) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into member1 (name, age, team, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: update member1 set team=?, teamRole=? where id=?
Hibernate: update member1 set team=?, teamRole=? where id=?
可以看到,数据都正确了,hibernate用了两个update来进行更新teamRole字段
PS:不知道Map映射有什么好处,要是数据大,会有很多update,效率肯定会有一些影响