Hibernate检索策略学习之--预先抓取

所谓预先加载，是指hibernate通过select语句使用outer join(一般为左外连接left outer join)来获取对象的关联实例或者关联集合（集合被初始化了，这是重点，和延迟加载不同）

我们有三个实体对象Student,Team,Cerificate

其中Student和Team是1对1的关系，采用主键关联的方式（Student的id和Certificate的id保持一致） 
        Team和Student是一对多的关系（反之为1对多）

在Mysql中运行以下脚本，建立数据库

 

CREATE   TABLE  certificate (
  id  varchar ( 100 )  NOT   NULL   default   '' ,
  description  varchar ( 100 )  default   '' ,
   PRIMARY   KEY   (id)
);





CREATE   TABLE  student (
  team_id  varchar ( 100 )  default   '' ,
  id  varchar ( 100 )  NOT   NULL   default   '' ,
  name  varchar ( 20 )  default   '' ,
  cardId  varchar ( 20 )  NOT   NULL   default   '' ,
  age  int ( 11 )  default   ' 0 ' ,
   PRIMARY   KEY   (id)
);






CREATE   TABLE  team (
  id  varchar ( 100 )  NOT   NULL   default   '' ,
  teamName  varchar ( 100 )  default   '' ,
   PRIMARY   KEY   (id)
);



INSERT   INTO  certificate  VALUES  ( ' 1 ' , ' 110108 ' );
INSERT   INTO  certificate  VALUES  ( ' 2 ' , ' 110109 ' );

INSERT   INTO  student  VALUES  ( ' 1 ' , ' 1 ' , ' tomclus ' , ' 2006m ' , 33 );
INSERT   INTO  student  VALUES  ( ' 2 ' , ' 2 ' , ' tom ' , ' 2007m ' , 22 );
INSERT   INTO  team  VALUES  ( ' 1 ' , ' team1 ' );

 

建立对应的Pojo对象

 

package  Search.immediately;

public   class  Certificate ...... ... {
    private String id;
    private String description;
    private Student stu;

    public Student getStu() .........{
        return stu;
    }

    public void setStu(Student stu) .........{
        this.stu = stu;
    }


    public String getDescription() .........{
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) .........{
        this.description = description;
    }

    public String getId() .........{
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) .........{
        this.id = id;
    }
}



package  Search.immediately;

import  java.util.HashSet;
import  java.util.Set;


public   class  Team ...... ... {
    private String id;
    private Set students=new HashSet();
    private String teamName;
    private Set tests;
  
    public Set getTests() .........{
        return tests;
    }
 
    public void setTests(Set tests) .........{
        this.tests = tests;
    }

    public String getId() .........{
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) .........{
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getTeamName() .........{
        return teamName;
    }

    public void setTeamName(String name) .........{
        this.teamName = name;
    }

    public Set getStudents() .........{
        return students;
    }

    public void setStudents(Set students) .........{
        this.students = students;
    }
}



package  Search.immediately;

public   class  Certificate ...... ... {
    private String id;
    private String description;
    private Student stu;

    public Student getStu() .........{
        return stu;
    }

    public void setStu(Student stu) .........{
        this.stu = stu;
    }


    public String getDescription() .........{
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) .........{
        this.description = description;
    }

    public String getId() .........{
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) .........{
        this.id = id;
    }
}

 

<!--推荐1对多，多对多使用延迟加载，而多1对1，多对1采用预先抓取-->

设置student对team及certificate进行预先抓取

Student.hbm.xml

 

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--  
    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping  package ="Search.fetch"   >
   
     < class  name ="Student"  table ="student"  lazy ="true" >
        < id  name ="id"  column ="id"  unsaved-value ="null" >
          < generator  class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
        </ id >

        < property  name ="cardId"  column ="cardId" ></ property >
        < property  name ="name"  column ="name" ></ property >
        < property  name ="age"  column ="age" ></ property >
        <!-- 推荐1对多，多对多使用延迟加载，而多1对1，多对1采用预先抓取 -->
        < one-to-one  name ="cer"  
                   class ="Search.fetch.Certificate"
                   constrained ="true"  
                   outer-join ="true"  
                   cascade ="all" >
        </ one-to-one >
      
       <!-- 推荐1对多，多对多使用延迟加载，而多1对1，多对1采用预先抓取 -->
        < many-to-one  name ="team"  
                    column ="team_id"
                    outer-join ="true"  
                    class ="Search.fetch.Team" ></ many-to-one >
       </ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >

 

team.hbm.xml

 

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--  
    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping  package ="Search.fetch"   >
     < class  name ="Team"  table ="team"  lazy ="true" >
        < id  name ="id"  column ="id" >
          < generator  class ="uuid.hex" ></ generator >
        </ id >
        < property  name ="teamName"  column ="teamName" ></ property >
        <!--  关闭外连接,并设置lazy="true",表示读取team对象后，并不立即把其所有的student信息取回  -->
        < set  name ="students"  lazy ="true"  inverse ="true"  outer-join ="false" >
          < key  column ="team_id" ></ key >
          < one-to-many  class ="Search.fetch.Student" />
        </ set >
       </ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >

 

Certificate.hbm.xml

 

<? xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
<!--  
    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse - Hibernate Tools
-->
< hibernate-mapping  package ="Search.fetch"   >  
     < class  name ="Certificate"  table ="certificate"  lazy ="false" >
        <!--  共享主键关联，在子方配置constrained=true  -->
        < id  name ="id"  column ="id" >
          < generator  class ="foreign" >
            < param  name ="property" > stu </ param >
          </ generator >
        </ id >


        < property  name ="description"  column ="description" ></ property >
        <!-- 推荐1对多，多对多使用延迟加载，而多1对1，多对1采用预先抓取 -->
        < one-to-one  name ="stu"  
                   class ="Search.fetch.Student"
                   outer-join ="true"  
                   constrained ="true" >
        </ one-to-one >
       </ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >

 

hibernate.cfg.xml

 

<? xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<! DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >

<!--  Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools.                    -->
< hibernate-configuration >

< session-factory >
     < property  name ="connection.username" > root </ property >
     < property  name ="connection.url" >
        jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernateconformity?characterEncoding=gb2312 &amp; useUnicode=true
     </ property >
     < property  name ="dialect" >
        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
     </ property >
     < property  name ="myeclipse.connection.profile" > mysql </ property >
     < property  name ="connection.password" > 1234 </ property >
     < property  name ="connection.driver_class" >
        com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
     </ property >
     < property  name ="hibernate.dialect" >
        org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
     </ property >
     < property  name ="hibernate.show_sql" > true </ property >
     < property  name ="current_session_context_class" > thread </ property >
     < mapping  resource ="Search/fetch/Certificate.hbm.xml"   />
     < mapping  resource ="Search/fetch/Student.hbm.xml"   />
     < mapping  resource ="Search/fetch/Team.hbm.xml"   />

</ session-factory >

</ hibernate-configuration >

 

测试代码：

 

package  Search.fetch;

import  java.io.File;
import  java.io.FileInputStream;

import  org.hibernate.Session;
import  org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import  org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public   class  Test  ... {


    public static void main(String[] args) ...{
        String filePath=System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"src/Search/fetch"+File.separator+"hibernate.cfg.xml";
        File file=new File(filePath);
        SessionFactory sessionFactory=new Configuration().configure(file).buildSessionFactory();
        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();
        Student stu=(Student)session.get(Student.class, "1");
        System.out.println(stu.getName());
        System.out.println("-------------------------");
        System.out.println(stu.getTeam().getTeamName());
        System.out.println("-------------------------");
        System.out.println(stu.getTeam().getStudents().size());

    }

}

 

结果：

Hibernate: select student0_.id as id1_3_, student0_.cardId as cardId1_3_, student0_.name as name1_3_, student0_.age as age1_3_, student0_.team_id as team5_1_3_, certificat1_.id as id0_0_, certificat1_.description as descript2_0_0_, student2_.id as id1_1_, student2_.cardId as cardId1_1_, student2_.name as name1_1_, student2_.age as age1_1_, student2_.team_id as team5_1_1_, team3_.id as id2_2_, team3_.teamName as teamName2_2_ from student student0_ inner join certificate certificat1_ on student0_.id=certificat1_.id left outer join student student2_ on certificat1_.id=student2_.id left outer join team team3_ on student0_.team_id=team3_.id where student0_.id=?
使用外连接读取student对象，以及和他关联的team对象，certificate对象
tomclus
-------------------------
team1
-------------------------
Hibernate: select students0_.team_id as team5_3_, students0_.id as id3_, students0_.id as id1_2_, students0_.cardId as cardId1_2_, students0_.name as name1_2_, students0_.age as age1_2_, students0_.team_id as team5_1_2_, certificat1_.id as id0_0_, certificat1_.description as descript2_0_0_, student2_.id as id1_1_, student2_.cardId as cardId1_1_, student2_.name as name1_1_, student2_.age as age1_1_, student2_.team_id as team5_1_1_ from student students0_ inner join certificate certificat1_ on students0_.id=certificat1_.id left outer join student student2_ on certificat1_.id=student2_.id where students0_.team_id=?
由于team对students采用了延迟加载，所以在调用System.out.println(stu.getTeam().getStudents().size());的时候，进行SQL执行，同样使用了预先抓取，抓取对象是team中student对象所关联的certificate对象
2