使用python编写windows服务
最近测试服务器上经常发生磁盘空间不足,每次手动清除比较麻烦,所以写个windows服务定时清理下。中间也遇到过几个坑,一起记录下来。
1.python实现windows服务需要借助第三方库pywin32。可使用 pip3 命令下载。
代码如下:
# ZPF # encoding=utf-8 import win32timezone from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler import win32serviceutil import win32service import win32event import os import logging import inspect import time import shutil class PythonService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework): _svc_name_ = "PythonService" #服务名 _svc_display_name_ = "Clearjob" #job在windows services上显示的名字 _svc_description_ = "Clear system files" #job的描述 def __init__(self, args): win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.__init__(self, args) self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None) self.logger = self._getLogger() self.path = 'D:\\WebSite' self.T = time.time() self.run = True def _getLogger(self): '''日志记录''' logger = logging.getLogger('[PythonService]') this_file = inspect.getfile(inspect.currentframe()) dirpath = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(this_file)) if os.path.isdir('%s\\log'%dirpath): #创建log文件夹 pass else: os.mkdir('%s\\log'%dirpath) dir = '%s\\log' % dirpath handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(os.path.join(dir, "Clearjob.log"),when="midnight",interval=1,backupCount=20) formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(name)-12s %(levelname)-8s %(message)s') handler.setFormatter(formatter) logger.addHandler(handler) logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) return logger def SvcDoRun(self): self.logger.info("service is run....") try: while self.run: self.logger.info('---Begin---') for path, name, file in os.walk('D:\\Website'): if path == 'D:\\Website': for IISname in name: floder = [] for i in os.listdir(os.path.join(path, IISname)): if i.isdigit(): floder.append(int(i)) if len(floder) == 0: pass elif len(floder) >= 2: # 设置保留备份 floder.sort() for x in floder[:(len(floder) - 2)]: self.logger.info("delete dir: %s" % os.path.join(os.path.join(path, IISname), str(x))) shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(os.path.join(path, IISname), str(x))) self.logger.info('---End---') time.sleep(10) except Exception as e: self.logger.info(e) time.sleep(60) def SvcStop(self): self.logger.info("service is stop....") self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING) win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop) self.run = False if __name__ == '__main__': win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(PythonService)
2.服务启动程序会调用SvcDoRun()。手动停止服务的时候,系统率先调用SvcStop(),将self.run置成False,SvcDoRun()跳出循环,服务停止。
3.然后将服务安装到windows
管理员运行cmd,输入如下命令:
#安装服务 python Clearjob.py install #开启服务 python Clearjob.py start #停止服务 python Clearjob.py stop #移除服务 python Clearjob.py remove
异常解决方法
1.开启服务的时候会出现报错“The service did not respond to the start or control request in a timely fashion”,意思是“服务没有及时响应启动或控制请求”。
2.解决方案:将Python36\Lib\site-packages\win32路径下的pythonservice.exe注册一下。
注册命令:pythonservice.exe /register
3.这很尴尬。。。缺少pywintypes36.dll。找下,在Python36\Lib\site-packages\pywin32_system32路径。
解决方法:设置到环境变量或者将此dll copy到Python36\Lib\site-packages\win32。
注册完后执行python Clearjob.py start
服务运行成功!