Redis集群本身已经做到了高可用和横向扩展，但是，实际情况一些小的业务没必要上集群，单个实例就可以满足业务需求，那么我们就要想办法如何保证单个实例的高可用。
keepalived是主备模式，意味着总有一台浪费着。
下面我介绍一下redis主从+sentinel(哨兵)漂移VIP的方案
一：实验环境
#redis
10.192.203.102:6400 主库
10.192.203.107:6400 从库
10.192.203.206 VIP
#sentinel
10.192.203.102:26400 sentinel 本地节点
10.192.203.107:26400 sentinel 本地节点
10.192.203.201:26400 sentinel 仲裁节点
二：实验步骤
1：安装redis
分别在10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107，10.192.203.201上安装。
#下载源码，解压缩后编译源码。
-
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.3.tar.gz -
tar xzf redis-2.8.3.tar.gz -
cd redis-2.8.3 -
make
#编译完成后，将redis.conf和Src目录下的redis-server、redis-benchmark、redis-cli文件拷贝到一个目录下。
-
mkdir /usr/local/redis -
mkdir -p /data/redis/redis_sentinels -
mkdir /data/redis/6400 -
cp redis.conf /usr/local/redis -
cd src -
cp redis-server /usr/local/redis -
cp redis-benchmark /usr/local/redis -
cp redis-cli /usr/local/redis -
cd /usr/local/redis
#撰写redis配置文件
(10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107)
vi /etc/redis_6400.conf
-
daemonize yes -
pidfile "/var/run/redis_6400.pid" -
port 6400 -
bind 0.0.0.0 -
timeout 0 -
tcp-keepalive 60 -
loglevel notice -
logfile "/data/redis/redis_6400.log" -
maxmemory 8gb -
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru -
databases 16 -
save 900 1 -
save 300 10 -
save 60 10000 -
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes -
rdbcompression yes -
rdbchecksum yes -
dbfilename "dump.rdb" -
dir "/data/redis/6400" -
slave-serve-stale-data yes -
slave-read-only yes -
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no -
slave-priority 100 -
appendonly no -
appendfilename "appendonly.aof" -
appendfsync everysec -
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no -
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 -
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb -
lua-time-limit 5000 -
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 -
slowlog-max-len 128 -
notify-keyspace-events "" -
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512 -
hash-max-ziplist-value 64 -
list-max-ziplist-entries 512 -
list-max-ziplist-value 64 -
set-max-intset-entries 512 -
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
2：撰写sentinel配置文件
（在10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107，10.192.203.201上）
vi /etc/redis-sentinel6400.conf
-
daemonize yes -
port 26400 -
dir "/data/redis/redis_sentinels" -
pidfile "/var/run/sentinel6400.pid" -
logfile "/data/redis/redis_sentinels/sentinel6400.log" -
sentinel monitor master6400 10.192.203.102 6400 2 -
sentinel down-after-milliseconds master6400 30000 -
sentinel failover-timeout master6400 180000 -
sentinel client-reconfig-script master6400 /opt/notify_master6400.sh
3：撰写漂移VIP的脚本
（10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107）
vi /opt/notify_master6400.sh
-
#!/bin/bash -
MASTER_IP=$6 -
LOCAL_IP='10.192.203.102' #从库修改为10.192.203.107 -
VIP='10.192.203.206' -
NETMASK='24' -
INTERFACE='eth0' -
if [ ${MASTER_IP} = ${LOCAL_IP} ]; then -
/sbin/ip addr add ${VIP}/${NETMASK} dev ${INTERFACE} -
/sbin/arping -q -c 3 -A ${VIP} -I ${INTERFACE} -
exit 0 -
else -
/sbin/ip addr del ${VIP}/${NETMASK} dev ${INTERFACE} -
exit 0 -
fi -
exit 1
chmod +x /opt/notify_master6400.sh
这里大概说一下这个脚本的工作原理，sentinel在做failover的过程中会传出6个参数，分别是<master-name>、 <role>、 <state>、 <from-ip>、 <from-port>、 <to-ip> 、<to-port>，其中第6个参数from-ip也就是新的master的ip，对应脚本中的MASTER_IP，下面的if判断大家应该都很了然了，如果MASTER_IP=LOCAL_IP，那就绑定VIP，反之删除VIP。
4：启动redis服务
（10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107）
/usr/local/redis/redis-server /etc/redis_6400.conf
5：开放防火墙端口
如果防火墙是开启状态的话，需要开放相应的端口
在三台服务器上开放端口6400,26400
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
添加：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp--dport 6400 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp--dport 26400 -j ACCEPT
#重启防火墙
service iptables restart
6：初始化主从
（10.192.203.107）
/usr/local/redis/redis-cli -p 6400 slaveof 10.192.203.102 6400
7：绑定VIP到主库
（10.192.203.102）
/sbin/ip addr add 10.192.203.206/24 dev eth0
可以使用ip addr命令进行验证，如：
-
[root@PC redis]# ip addr -
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN -
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 -
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo -
inet6 ::1/128 scope host -
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever -
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 -
link/ether 08:00:27:04:05:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff -
inet 10.192.203.102/24 brd 10.192.203.255 scope global eth0 -
inet 10.192.203.206/24 scope global secondary eth0 -
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe04:516/64 scope link tentative dadfailed -
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
8：启动sentinel服务
(10.192.203.102，10.192.203.107，10.192.203.201)
/usr/local/redis/redis-server /etc/redis-sentinel6400.conf --sentinel
至此，整个高可用方案已经搭建完成。
9：检查replication与Sentinel是否配置成功
#检查复制信息,确保有slave连接。
-
/usr/local/redis/redis-cli -h 10.192.203.102 -p 6400 info Replication -
# Replication -
role:master -
connected_slaves:1 -
slave0:ip=10.192.203.107,port=6400,state=online,offset=127,lag=0 -
master_repl_offset:127 -
repl_backlog_active:1 -
repl_backlog_size:1048576 -
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:2 -
repl_backlog_histlen:126
#检查Sentinel信息，确保status=ok
-
[root@PC redis]# /usr/local/redis/redis-cli-h 10.192.203.102 -p 26400 info Sentinel -
# Sentinel -
sentinel_masters:1 -
sentinel_tilt:0 -
sentinel_running_scripts:0 -
sentinel_scripts_queue_length:0 -
master0:name=master6400,status=ok,address=10.192.203.102:6400,slaves=1,sentinels=3
10：验证是否实现了高可用
1：停止主库
/usr/local/redis/redis-cli -h 10.192.203.102 -p 6400 shutdown
2：看从库是否提升为主库
[root@PC ~]# /usr/local/redis/redis-cli-h 10.192.203.107 -p 6400 info Replication
-
# Replication -
role:master -
connected_slaves:0 -
master_repl_offset:0 -
repl_backlog_active:0 -
repl_backlog_size:1048576 -
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0 -
repl_backlog_histlen:0
3：验证VIP是否漂移
-
[root@PC ~]# ip addr -
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN -
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 -
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo -
inet6 ::1/128 scope host -
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever -
2: eth0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen1000 -
link/ether 08:00:27:04:05:16 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff -
inet 10.192.203.107/24 brd 10.192.203.255 scope global eth0 -
inet 10.192.203.206/24 scope global secondary eth0 -
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe04:516/64 scope link tentative dadfailed -
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4：查看Sentinel监控状态
-
[root@PC redis]# /usr/local/redis/redis-cli-h 10.192.203.102 -p 26400 info Sentinel -
# Sentinel -
sentinel_masters:1 -
sentinel_tilt:0 -
sentinel_running_scripts:0 -
sentinel_scripts_queue_length:0 -
master0:name=master6400,status=ok,address=10.192.203.107:6400,slaves=1,sentinels=3
说明漂移成功。
11：配置PATH
修改.bash_profile文件，在PATH末尾添加：
:/usr/local/redis
source .bash_profile文件生效
--本文主要参考自“屌丝运维男”博客,并做了些许改动。
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