JavaApp自动化测试系列[v1.0.1][Windows系统Appium开发环境搭建]

Davieyang.D.Y

已于 2023-12-25 10:49:03 修改

阅读量1w

点赞数 1

分类专栏： APP自动化测试系列文章标签： DesiredCaps Appium Java

于 2020-08-22 16:09:36 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dawei_yang000000/article/details/108169933

版权

APP自动化测试系列专栏收录该内容

29 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

JavaAppium实例代码

我们先看一段真实的java代码，我将他放在了TestNG框架的@BeforeTest里，执行这段即可启动安卓手机上的APP“com.tencent.Q108” 后边一一详述

 1     @BeforeTest
 2     public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException{
 3         DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
 4         // des.setCapability("app", "c:\\");
 5         caps.setCapability("automationname", "Appium");
 6         caps.setCapability("platformName", "Android");
 7         caps.setCapability("platformVersion", "23");
 8         caps.setCapability("udid", "6EJ4C18A18000811");
 9         caps.setCapability("deviceName", "Honor");
10         caps.setCapability("appPackage", "com.tencent.Q108");//com.android.contacts
11         caps.setCapability("appActivity", "com.tencent.Q108.SplashActivity");//.activities.PeopleActivity
12         caps.setCapability("appWaitActivity", "com.tencent.Q108.SplashActivity");
13         caps.setCapability("unicodeKeyboard", "True");
14         caps.setCapability("resetKeyboard", "True");
15         caps.setCapability("newCommandTimeout", "15");
16         caps.setCapability("nosign", "True");
17         driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"),caps);
18         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
19     }

Desired Capabilities

测试脚本到驱动移动端的整个运转过程，Desired capability是以一个JSON对象形式传递的，包含一组key和value值。它由客户端发送给服务端，告诉服务端期望的Capabilities（可以理解为一种能力）有哪些，然后服务端根据这些capabilities创建自动化会话（session）

IOS

Android

获取Desired Capabilities

获取Desired Capabilities需要使用工具adb和**aapt,这两项都来自SDK，配置好环境变量后便可以直接在命令行使用

获取 udid

手机连接电脑或模拟器开启，并确定已经开机手机的USB调试，CMD下输入adb devices，如果出现以下提示，则大概率上是因为移动端没有成功开启USB调试
在这里插入图片描述
确认USB调试开启后，再次输入命令，则
所获取的串6EJ4C18A18000811就是udid

配置`aapt`环境变量

将aapt.exe在安卓SDK的路径添加的系统环境变量的Path中去，例如

如果没有build-tools那说明还没有下载，可打开SDK Manager自行下载，下载完成后，添加Path路径即可
在这里插入图片描述

aapt环境验证

CMD下运行aapt，如下图所示则表明环境可以了

获取appPackage和appActivity

将准备测试的 APK 放到某个目录，在相同的目录下启动CMD，并执行如下命令:aapt dump badging tencentmobilemanager.apk(根据各自的apk包名来)
在这里插入图片描述

如图所示，能看到package:name/launchable activity:name, 这两项即使我们要获取的"appPackage" 和 “appActivity”

获取webdriver.Remote地址

注意这个地址可以自定义，例如你的手机连接在别的机器上通过这个IP的配置，一样可以实现驱动，并非只能驱动链接到本机的移动设备

启动Appium，如图所示设置能看到IP和端口

其他的参数均来自你实际的环境，根据实际环境配置即可

关于Desired Capabilities

io.appium.java_client 也提供了MobileCapabilityType和AndroidMobileCapabilityType，看如下代码，也可以设置Capabilities

org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
io.appium.java_client.remote.AndroidMobileCapabilityType;
io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;

 1 package testscript;
 2 import io.appium.java_client.TouchAction;
 3 import io.appium.java_client.android.AndroidDriver;
 4 import io.appium.java_client.remote.AndroidMobileCapabilityType;
 5 import io.appium.java_client.remote.MobileCapabilityType;
 6 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 7 import java.net.URL;
 8 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 9 import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
10 import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
11 import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
12 import org.testng.annotations.Test;
13 
14 public class Test_Scroll_Swipe {
15     AndroidDriver driver;
16     @BeforeClass
17     public void setUp() throws MalformedURLException{
18         DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
19         caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_VERSION, "4.4");
20         caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "Android");
21         caps.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME,"Moto X");//I am using Moto X as a Real Device
22         caps.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_PACKAGE,"com.google.android.launcher");
23         caps.setCapability(AndroidMobileCapabilityType.APP_ACTIVITY,"com.google.android.launcher.StubApp");
24         driver = new AndroidDriver (new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), caps);
25         driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
26     }

在Desired Capabilities的设置上Java和Python是同理的

Python环境

在CMD中运行 pip install Appium-Python-Client

Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.19045.3693]
(c) Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Users\Administrator>pip install Appium-Python-Client
Collecting Appium-Python-Client
  Downloading Appium-Python-Client-3.1.0.tar.gz (3.4 MB)
     ---------------------------------------- 3.4/3.4 MB 297.9 kB/s eta 0:00:00
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: selenium~=4.12 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from Appium-Python-Client) (4.15.2)
Requirement already satisfied: urllib3<3,>=1.26 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from urllib3[socks]<3,>=1.26->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (2.0.7)
Requirement already satisfied: trio~=0.17 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (0.23.1)
Requirement already satisfied: trio-websocket~=0.9 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (0.11.1)
Requirement already satisfied: certifi>=2021.10.8 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (2023.7.22)
Requirement already satisfied: attrs>=20.1.0 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (23.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: sortedcontainers in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (2.4.0)
Requirement already satisfied: idna in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (3.4)
Requirement already satisfied: outcome in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (1.3.0.post0)
Requirement already satisfied: sniffio>=1.3.0 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (1.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: cffi>=1.14 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (1.16.0)
Requirement already satisfied: wsproto>=0.14 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from trio-websocket~=0.9->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (1.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pysocks!=1.5.7,<2.0,>=1.5.6 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from urllib3[socks]<3,>=1.26->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (1.7.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pycparser in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from cffi>=1.14->trio~=0.17->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (2.21)
Requirement already satisfied: h11<1,>=0.9.0 in c:\users\administrator\appdata\roaming\python\python312\site-packages (from wsproto>=0.14->trio-websocket~=0.9->selenium~=4.12->Appium-Python-Client) (0.14.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: Appium-Python-Client
  Building wheel for Appium-Python-Client (pyproject.toml) ... done
  Created wheel for Appium-Python-Client: filename=Appium_Python_Client-3.1.0-py3-none-any.whl size=337588 sha256=d29b618102d0b617d4b42076d3b21df506d701b10f3669ae5079861b7261e24a
  Stored in directory: c:\users\administrator\appdata\local\pip\cache\wheels\f9\96\78\c77d7a11d58afb91cf95104558a38e4e56745a8590177f71da
Successfully built Appium-Python-Client
Installing collected packages: Appium-Python-Client
Successfully installed Appium-Python-Client-3.1.0

示例代码

'''
@Time    : 2018/11/12 13:37
@Author  : davieyang
@Software: PyCharm
@Description:
'''
# encoding = utf-8
from appium import webdriver
import time
import unittest
 
 
class test_ClickButon(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
        desired_caps = {
'platformName': 'Android',
                    'deviceName': '30d4e606',
                    'platformVersion': '5.0',
                    'appPackage': 'com.tencent.qqpimsecure',
                    'appActivity': 'com.tencent.server.fore.QuickLoadActivity'
                    }
self.driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub', desired_caps)
 
def test_ClickButton(self):
        driver = self.driver
        driver.find_element_by_id("com.tencent.mobileqq:id/btn_login").click()