SpringMVC的入门程序
1. 创建WEB工程
创建springmvc工程,同时修改pom.xml,在pom.xml中引入springmvc所需依赖jar包,具体的坐标如下:
<!--版本锁定-->
<properties>
<spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<!--引入依赖包-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--SpringMVC依赖包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--ServletAPI依赖包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2. 配置核心控制器
在web.xml配置文件中核心控制器DispatcherServlet,核心控制器是一个servlet配置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<!-- SpringMVC的核心控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置Servlet的初始化参数,读取springmvc的配置文件,创建spring容器 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 配置servlet启动时加载对象 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3. 核心配置文件
在resources下编写springmvc.xml的配置文件,主要有3点配置,分别为包扫描、springmvc注解驱动、视图解析器,代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置spring创建容器时要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置spring开启注解mvc的支持-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4. 页面创建
webapp下创建index.jsp,jsp代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>springmvc入门案例</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>入门案例</h3>
<a href="/hello">入门案例</a>
</body>
</html>
在WEB-INF目录下创建pages文件夹,编写success.jsp的成功页面,jsp代码如下:
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>demo</title>
</head>
<body>
第一个SpringMVC入门案例
</body>
</html>
5. 创建控制器
在com.itheima.controller包下创建HelloController
package com.itheima.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
/**
* 接收请求
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(path="/hello")
public String sayHello() {
System.out.println("Hello SpringMVC!!");
return "success";
}
}
完整工程如下:
6. 测试
启动Tomcat服务器,进行测试,输入访问地址 http://localhost:8585/