1.常见类
1.1 FactoryBean(接口)
FactoryBean: 可以返回bean的实例的工厂bean,通过实现该接口可以对bean进行一些额外的操作,例如根据不同的配置类型返回不同类型的bean,简化xml配置等。
在使用上也有些特殊,BeanFactory接口中有一个字符常量String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = “&”; 当我们去获取BeanFactory类型的bean时,如果beanName不加&则获取到对应bean的实例;如果beanName加上&,则获取到BeanFactory本身的实例;
1.1.1 FactoryBean源码
public interface FactoryBean<T> {
//返回此工厂管理的对象的实例(可能Singleton和Prototype)
//如果此FactoryBean在调用时尚未完全初始化
//(例如,因为它涉及循环引用),则抛出相应的
// FactoryBeanNotInitializedException。
//从Spring 2.0开始,允许FactoryBeans返回null 对象。
// 工厂会将此视为正常使用价值; 在这种情况下,它不再抛出
// FactoryBeanNotInitializedException。
//鼓励FactoryBean实现现在自己抛出
// FactoryBeanNotInitializedException,视情况而定。
T getObject() throws Exception;
//返回此FactoryBean创建的对象类型,默认返回null
Class<?> getObjectType();
//实例是否单例模式,默认返回true
default boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
}
1.1.2 FactoryBean的使用方式
1.1.2.1 简化xml配置,隐藏细节
使用Setter方法注入大量属性会造成配置文件臃肿,这时可以考虑使用FactoryBean来简化配置。
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
/**
* @author: LiYanChao
* @create: 2018-09-05 11:50
*/
public class Student {
/** 姓名 */
private String name;
/** 年龄 */
private int age;
/** 班级名称 */
private String className;
// ...可能能会有更多的属性
public Student() {
}
public Student(String name, int age, String className) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.className = className;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getClassName() {
return className;
}
public void setClassName(String className) {
this.className = className;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", className='" + className + '\'' + '}';
}
}
studentFactoryBean :
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
/**
* @author: LiYanChao
* @create: 2018-09-05 11:49
*/
public class StudentFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Student> {
private String studentInfo;
@Override
public Student getObject() throws Exception {
if (this.studentInfo == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'studentInfo' is required");
}
// 分割属性
String[] splitStudentInfo = studentInfo.split(",");
if (null == splitStudentInfo || splitStudentInfo.length != 3) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'studentInfo' config error");
}
// 创建Student并填充属性
Student student = new Student();
student.setName(splitStudentInfo[0]);
student.setAge(Integer.valueOf(splitStudentInfo[1]));
student.setClassName(splitStudentInfo[2]);
return student;
}
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return StudentFactoryBean.class;
}
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
public void setStudentInfo(String studentInfo) {
this.studentInfo = studentInfo;
}
}
Student是一个普通的类,StudentFactoryBean实现了FactoryBean接口,是一个FactoryBean。
xml 配置文件:
<bean id="student" class="com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean.StudentFactoryBean" p:studentInfo="张三,25,三年二班"/>
测试:
//FactoryBean简化配置测试
// 返回结果: Student{name='张三', age=25, className='三年二班'}
System.out.println(xmlBeanFactory.getBean("student"));
// 返回结果:com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean.StudentFactoryBean@1ff8b8f
System.out.println(xmlBeanFactory.getBean("&student"));
分析:
xmlBeanFactory.getBean(“student”) 获取到的是StudentFactoryBean产生的实例,也就是Student类的实例;而xmlBeanFactory.getBean("&student")获取到的是StudentFactoryBean自己的实例。
1.1.2.2 返回不同Bean的实例
bean:
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
/**
* 家具接口
*/
public interface Furniture {
void sayHello();
}
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
/**
* 椅子
* @author: LiYanChao
* @create: 2018-09-30 17:35
*/
public class Chair implements Furniture{
@Override
public void sayHello() {
System.out.println("我是一把椅子。");
}
}
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
/**
* 桌子
* @author: LiYanChao
* @create: 2018-09-30 17:35
*/
public class Desk implements Furniture{
@Override
public void sayHello() {
System.out.println("我是一个桌子。");
}
}
package com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
/**
* 家具工厂bean
* @author: LiYanChao
* @create: 2018-09-05 15:11
*/
public class FurnitureFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Furniture> {
private String furniture;
@Override
public Furniture getObject() throws Exception {
if (null == furniture) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'furniture' is required");
}
if ("chair".equals(furniture)) {
return new Chair();
} else if ("desk".equals(furniture)) {
return new Desk();
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'furniture' type error");
}
}
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
if (null == furniture) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'furniture' is required");
}
if ("chair".equals(furniture)) {
return Chair.class;
} else if ("desk".equals(furniture)) {
return Desk.class;
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("'furniture' type error");
}
}
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
public void setFurniture(String furniture) {
this.furniture = furniture;
}
}
xml:
<bean id="furniture" class="com.lyc.cn.v2.day01.factoryBean.FurnitureFactoryBean" p:furniture="desk"/>
测试:
@Test
public void test12() {
//FactoryBean简单工厂测试
Furniture furniture = xmlBeanFactory.getBean("furniture", Furniture.class);
furniture.sayHello();
}
结果:
========测试方法开始=======
我是一个桌子。
========测试方法结束=======