(七)Producer-Consumer模式

一、定义

Producer-Consumer Pattern就是生产者-消费者模式。

生产者和消费者为不同的处理线程，生产者必须将数据安全地交给消费者，消费者进行消费时，如果生产者还没有建立数据，则消费者需要等待。

一般来说，可能存在多个生产者和消费者，不过也有可能生产者和消费者都只有一个，当双方都只有一个时，我们也称之为Pipe Pattern。

 

 

二、模式案例

该案例中，定义了三个角色：厨师、客人、桌子。

//桌子(队列)定义
public class Table {
    private final String[] buffer;
    private int tail;
    private int head;
    private int count;

    public Table(int count) {
        this.buffer = new String[count];
        this.head = 0;
        this.tail = 0;
        this.count = 0;
    }

    public synchronized void put(String cake) throws InterruptedException {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" puts "+cake);
        while(count>=buffer.length){
            wait();
        }
        buffer[tail] = cake;
        tail = (tail+1)%buffer.length;
        count++;
        notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized String take() throws InterruptedException {
        while(count<=0){
            wait();
        }
        String cake = buffer[head];
        head = (head+1)%buffer.length;
        count--;
        notifyAll();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" takes "+cake);
        return cake;
    }
}

//厨师(生产者)定义
public class MakerThread extends Thread {
    private final Random random;
    private final Table table;
    private static int id = 0; //蛋糕的流水号(所有厨师共通)

    public MakerThread(String name,Table table,long seed) {
        super(name);
        this.table = table;
        this.random = new Random(seed);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try {
                Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
                String cake = "[ Cake No."+nextId()+" by "+getName()+" ]";
                table.put(cake);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private static synchronized int nextId() {
        return id++;
    }
}

//客人(消费者)定义
public class EaterThread extends Thread {
    private final Random random;
    private final Table table;

    public EaterThread(String name,Table table,long seed) {
        super(name);
        this.table = table;
        this.random = new Random(seed);
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try {
                String cake = table.take();
                Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(1000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Table table = new Table(3);
        new MakerThread("MakerThread-1",table,31415).start();
        new MakerThread("MakerThread-2",table,92653).start();
        new MakerThread("MakerThread-3",table,58979).start();
        new EaterThread("EaterThread-1",table,32384).start();
        new EaterThread("EaterThread-2",table,62643).start();
        new EaterThread("EaterThread-3",table,38327).start();
    }
}

 

 

 

 

三、模式讲解

Producer-Consumer模式的角色如下：

• Data(数据)

Data代表了实际生产和消费的数据。

• Producer(生产者)

Producer会创建Data，然后传递给Channel。

• Consumer(消费者)

Consumer从Channel获取Data数据，进行处理。

• Channel(通道)

Channel从Producer处接受Data，并保管起来，并应Consumer的要求，将Data传送出去。为确保安全性，Producer与Consumer要对访问共享互斥。

 

 

 

借鉴学习自https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000015558655