(八)Read-Write Lock模式

一、定义

Read-Write Lock Pattern将读取与写入分开处理，在读取数据之前必须获取用来读取的锁，而写入的时候必须获取用来写入的锁。因为读取时实例的状态不会改变，所以多个线程可以同时读取；但是，写入会改变实例的状态，所以当有一个线程写入的时候，其它线程即不能读取也不能写入。

 

 

二、模式案例

 

 

//自定义读写锁
public final class ReadWriteLock {
    private int readingReaders = 0; //正在读取线程的数量
    private int writingWriters = 0; //正在写入线程的数量
    public synchronized void readLock() throws InterruptedException {
        while(writingWriters>0){
            wait();
        }
        readingReaders++;
    }

    public synchronized void readUnlock(){
        readingReaders--;
        notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized void writeLock() throws InterruptedException {
        while(readingReaders>0 || writingWriters>0){
            wait();
        }
        writingWriters++;
    }

    public synchronized void writeUnlock(){
        writingWriters--;
        notifyAll();
    }
}

 

//数据类可以被多个线程同时访问
public class Data {
    private final char[] buffer;
    private final ReadWriteLock lock = new ReadWriteLock();
    public Data(int size){
        this.buffer = new char[size];
        for(int i=0;i<buffer.length;i++){
            buffer[i] = '*';
        }
    }
    public char[] read() throws InterruptedException {
        lock.readLock();
        try{
            return doRead();
        }finally {
            lock.readUnlock();
        }
    }

    public void write(char c) throws InterruptedException {
        lock.writeLock();
        try{
            doWrite(c);
        }finally {
            lock.writeUnlock();
        }
    }

    private void doWrite(char c) {
        for(int i=0;i<buffer.length;i++){
            buffer[i] = c;
            slowly();
        }
    }

    private char[] doRead() {
        char[] newbuf = new char[buffer.length];
        for(int i=0;i<buffer.length;i++){
            newbuf[i] = buffer[i];
        }
        slowly();
        return newbuf;
    }

    private void slowly() {
        try{
            Thread.sleep(50);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

public class ReaderThread extends Thread {
    private final Data data;
    public ReaderThread(Data data){
        this.data = data;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            try {
                char[] readbuf = data.read();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" redis "+String.valueOf(readbuf));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

        }
    }
}

public class WriterThread extends Thread {
    private static final Random random = new Random();
    private final Data data;
    private final String filler;
    private int index = 0;

    public WriterThread(Data data, String filler) {
        this.data = data;
        this.filler = filler;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(true){
            char c = nextChar();
            try {
                data.write(c);
                Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(3000));
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    private char nextChar() {
        char c = filler.charAt(index);
        index++;
        if(index>=filler.length()){
            index=0;
        }
        return c;
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Data data = new Data(10);
        new ReaderThread(data).start();
        new ReaderThread(data).start();
        new ReaderThread(data).start();
        new ReaderThread(data).start();
        new WriterThread(data, "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ").start();
        new WriterThread(data, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz").start();
    }
}

 

ReadWriteLock类读写锁需要防止以下两类冲突：

• “读取”和“写入”的冲突。
• “写入”和“写入”的冲突。
• 注意：“读取”和“读取”之间不会冲突。

 

 

 

三、模式讲解

Read-Write Lock模式的角色如下：

• Reader(读取者)

会对SharedResource进行读。

• Writer(写入者)

会对ShardResource进行写。

• SharedResource(共享资源)

代表Reader和Writer所共享的资源对象，SharedResource提供不改变内部状态的read操作，以及会改变内部状态的write操作。

• ReadWriteLock(读写锁)

提供了对SharedResource进行read操作和write操作时需要的锁定。

 

 

 

 

借鉴学习自https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000015558687