基于OEL5安装Oracle10g

操作系统：OracleLinux-R5-U11-x86_64
数据库版本：oracle10g (10.2.0.1.0)

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····································安装前准备····································
关闭防火墙、selinux

service iptables stop
setenforce 0
chkconfig iptables off

修改selinux不可用

vi /etc/selinux/config
修改SELINUX=disabled

修改/etc/hosts文件

vi /etc/hosts
192.168.80.111 vast.vastdata

网卡配置

DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0C:29:2E:FD:DD
ONBOOT=yes         #开启启动这块网卡
BOOTPROTO=static   #指定为静态ip*这部不设置安装时会报DHCP错误
IPADDR=192.168.80.111
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.80.1

欺骗oracle软件确认本机版本
(oracle10g只支持linux4的系统，出oracle10g的时候linux只出到4，故在这部要欺骗让数据库以为这是个linux4的系统)

vi /etc/redhat-release 
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.11 (Tikanga)

安装rpm包

使用rpm -ivh 包名  安装在需要的软件包
例如：rpm -ivh binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4.rpm或rpm -ivh binutils-*
binutils-2.15.92.0.2-10.EL4
compat-db-4.1.25-9
control-center-2.8.0-12
gcc-3.4.3-9.EL4
gcc-c++-3.4.3-9.EL4
glibc-2.3.4-2
glibc-common-2.3.4-2
gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1
libstdc++-3.4.3-9.EL4
libstdc++-devel-3.4.3-9.EL4
make-3.80-5
pdksh-5.2.14-30
sysstat-5.0.5-1
xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2

创建组以及用户

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
passwd oracle

添加内核参数

[root@vast ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
使参数生效 sysctl -p

修改用户限制

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle              soft    nproc   2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536

修改/etc/pam.d/login

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login
session    required     /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session    required     pam_limits.so

修改/etc/profile

[root@oracle ~]# vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

    if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

          ulimit -p 16384
          ulimit -n 65536
    else
          ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
fi

创建目录，赋权

mkdir /u01/app/oracle -p
chmod 775 /u01 -R
chown oracle:oinstall /u01 -R

oracle用户环境变量

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PAT
 使环境变量生效
source .bash_profile

····································解压文件····································

我将安装文件放在了/tmp路径下
[root@vast ~]$ cd /tmp/
[root@vast tmp]$ ls
10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz  p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
gconfd-root                          rpm.txt
keyring-KqS6j0                       ssh-TPBNPv3831
mapping-root                         virtual-root.KGIV2G
orbit-root

解压缩10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz文件

[root@vast tmp]# gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz 
[root@vast tmp]# ls
10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio  p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
gconfd-root                       rpm.txt
keyring-KqS6j0                    ssh-TPBNPv3831
mapping-root                      virtual-root.KGIV2G
orbit-root

使用cpio导出文件

[root@vast tmp]# cpio -idmv < 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio 
database/stage/prereq/db/refhost_Custom.xml
database/stage/prereq/db/refhost.xml
database/stage/prereq/db/db_prereq.xml
.
.
.
database/doc/server.102/b15658/toc.htm
database/doc/server.102/b15658/tuning.htm
database/doc/server.102/b15658
database/doc/server.102/b15658.pdf
database/doc/server.102
database/doc
database/welcome.html
database
1565626 blocks

查看导出的文件 database

[root@vast tmp]# ls
10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio  orbit-root
database                          p8202632_10205_Linux-x86-64.zip
gconfd-root                       rpm.txt
keyring-KqS6j0                    ssh-TPBNPv3831
mapping-root                      virtual-root.KGIV2G
[root@vast tmp]# su - oracle
[oracle@vast ~]$ cd /tmp/database/
[oracle@vast database]$ ls
doc  install  response  runInstaller  stage  welcome.html


开启图形化
xhost +

执行文件./runInstaller开始安装

[oracle@vast database]$ ./runInstaller 
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Passed
All installer requirements met.
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2016-09-12_06-48-28PM. Please wait ...[oracle@vast database]$ Starting Installer in advanced mode ...
Oracle Universal Installer, Version 10.2.0.1.0 Production
Copyright (C) 1999, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

····································安装数据库软件····································
选择高级安装“Advanced Installation”

Oracle产品目录路径

安装企业版

Oracle家目录

开始检查

只安装数据库软件(1.安装数据库并安装数据库 2.配置ASM 3.只安装数据库软件)



执行脚本

[root@vast ~]# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@vast ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 
   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
[root@vast ~]# 

····································安装数据库····································

[oracle@vast database]$ 
[oracle@vast database]$ 
[oracle@vast database]$ dbca

选择“Create a Database”

选择创建数据库的类型

设定数据库名和SID

配置EM(这一步可选也可不选，EM也可在之后创建)

设定sys、system用户密码

选择文件系统


配置快速恢复区路径以及大小

选择是否需要样例(可选可不选)

Oracle内存大小设定，默认是40，但是也可以自己设定



查看配置参数

这里可以看到一些信息，并可以重新设定用户的密码

开启数据库
[oracle@vast database]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Sep 12 19:22:42 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  901775360 bytes
Fixed Size                  2024944 bytes
Variable Size             230689296 bytes
Database Buffers          666894336 bytes
Redo Buffers                2166784 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> exit