MDX 同比 环比

如何使用MDX编写同比和环比

在做BI项目中，用户会经常提出类似下面这样的需求：
1. 本月比上月的销售额增长了多少？百分比是多少？
2. 本季度第一个月比上季度第一个月的销售额增长了多少？百分比是多少？

其实这两个需求就是我们常说的同比和环比问题，它们用关系数据库的SQL语句难于实现，而用BI中的MDX来做却轻而易举。以下例子采用的是SQL Server2005的Analysis Services中的示例库。

环比需求：本月比上个月的销售额增长了多少个百分点？
MDX语句如下：

WITH MEMBER Measures. [ Amount Change Rate ] AS
[ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] /
( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.PrevMember) - 1
, FORMAT_STRING = ' 0% '
SELECT
{ [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , Measures. [ Amount Change Rate ] } ON 0 ,
[ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] . [ Month ] .Members ON 1
FROM [ Adventure Works ]

结果如下：


上面的输出结果有一个问题，就是第一行数据会发生除0的情况，为了防止这种情况，MDX修改如下：

WITH MEMBER Measures. [ Amount Change Rate ] AS
IIF(ISEMPTY(( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.PrevMember)), "",
[ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] /
( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.PrevMember) - 1
), FORMAT_STRING = ' 0% '
SELECT
{ [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , Measures. [ Amount Change Rate ] } ON 0 ,
[ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] . [ Month ] .Members
ON 1
FROM [ Adventure Works ]

如果发现0为空，则显示空字符串。输出结果如下：



同比需求：本季度每个月比上个季度同期销售额增长了多少个百分点？

WITH MEMBER Measures. [ Change Amount Rate ] AS
[ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] /
( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] ,
Cousin( [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember, [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.Parent.PrevMember)
) - 1 , FORMAT_STRING = ' 0% '
SELECT { [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , Measures. [ Change Amount Rate ] } ON 0 ,
[ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] . [ Month ] .Members ON 1
FROM [ Adventure Works ]

运行结果如下：


和环比相同，这里也出现了除0的情况，所以把MDX做如下修改：

WITH MEMBER Measures. [ Change Amount Rate ] AS
IIF(
( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] ,
Cousin( [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember, [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.Parent.PrevMember)
)=0
, "",
[ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] /
( [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] ,
Cousin( [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember, [ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] .CurrentMember.Parent.PrevMember)
) - 1
), FORMAT_STRING = ' 0% '
SELECT { [ Measures ] . [ Internet Sales Amount ] , Measures. [ Change Amount Rate ] } ON 0 ,
[ Date ] . [ Fiscal ] . [ Month ] .Members ON 1
FROM [ Adventure Works ]

输出结果如下：


总结同比和环比是BI项目中经常要做得内容，采用MDX语句可以轻松的实现这个需求。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/lanhuahua/archive/2011/03/03/1969904.html