4.HTTPServletResponse
web服务器接收到客户端的http请求,针对这个请求,分别创建一个代表请求的HTTPServletResponse对象,代表响应的一个HTTPServletResponse ;
- 如果要获取客户端请求过来的的参数:找HTTPServletRequest
- 如果要给客户端响应一些信息:找HTTPServletResponse
4.1 Response方法简单分类
负责向浏览器发送数据的方法
-
ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException; PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException;
负责向浏览器发送响应头的方法
-
void setCharacterEncoding(String var1); void setContentLength(int var1); void setContentLengthLong(long var1); void setContentType(String var1);
-
void setDateHeader(String var1, long var2); void addDateHeader(String var1, long var2); void setHeader(String var1, String var2); void addHeader(String var1, String var2); void setIntHeader(String var1, int var2); void addIntHeader(String var1, int var2);
响应的状态吗
-
int SC_CONTINUE = 100; int SC_SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101; int SC_OK = 200; int SC_CREATED = 201; int SC_ACCEPTED = 202; int SC_NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203; int SC_NO_CONTENT = 204; int SC_RESET_CONTENT = 205; int SC_PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206; int SC_MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300; int SC_MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301; int SC_MOVED_TEMPORARILY = 302; int SC_FOUND = 302; int SC_SEE_OTHER = 303; int SC_NOT_MODIFIED = 304; int SC_USE_PROXY = 305; int SC_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307; int SC_BAD_REQUEST = 400; int SC_UNAUTHORIZED = 401; int SC_PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402; int SC_FORBIDDEN = 403; int SC_NOT_FOUND = 404; int SC_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405; int SC_NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406; int SC_PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407; int SC_REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408; int SC_CONFLICT = 409; int SC_GONE = 410; int SC_LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411; int SC_PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412; int SC_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413; int SC_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414; int SC_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415; int SC_REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416; int SC_EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417; int SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500; int SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501; int SC_BAD_GATEWAY = 502; int SC_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503; int SC_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504; int SC_HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505;
4.2 常见应用
1.向浏览器输出信息(学了这么久不会还有人不会把)
2.下载文件
- 要获取下载文件的路径
- 下载的文件名
- 设置想办法让浏览器能够支持现在我们需要的东西
- 获取下载文件的输入流
- 创建缓冲区
- 获取OutputStream对象
- 将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区
- 使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输入到客户端
package com.wzw.s;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
public class s extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 要获取下载文件的路径
String Realpath="D:\\狂神说\\Maven\\Maven-HelloWord-demo01\\servlet=demo02\\src\\main\\resources\\1.jpg";
// 下载的文件名
String Filename=Realpath.substring(Realpath.lastIndexOf("\\"+1));
// 设置想办法让浏览器能够支持现在我们需要的东西
resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename"+ URLEncoder.encode(Filename));
// 获取下载文件的输入流
FileInputStream inputStream=new FileInputStream(Realpath);
// 创建缓冲区
int len=0;
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
// 获取OutputStream对象
ServletOutputStream out=resp.getOutputStream();
// 将FileOutputStream流写入到buffer缓冲区,使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输入到客户端
while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
out.write(buffer,0,len);
}
//关闭资源
inputStream.close();
out.close();
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
}
response验证码实现
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//如何让浏览器3秒自动刷新一次;
resp.setHeader("refresh", "3");
//在内存中创建一个图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//得到图片
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics(); //笔
//设置图片的背景颜色
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 80, 20);
//给图片写数据
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.BOLD, 20));
g.drawString(makeNum(), 0, 20);
//告诉浏览器,这个请求用图片的方式打开
resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//网站存在缓存,不让浏览器缓存
resp.setDateHeader("expires", -1);
resp.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
resp.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
//把图片写给浏览器
ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", resp.getOutputStream());
}
//生成随机数
private String makeNum() {
Random random = new Random();
String num = random.nextInt(9999999) + "";
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < 7 - num.length(); i++) {
sb.append("0");
}
num = sb.toString() + num;
return num;
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req, resp);
}
重定向
B是一个web资源收到客户端A请求后,B他会通知A客户去访问另外一个web资源C,这个过程叫做重定向
常见场景:
- 用户登录
resp.sendRedirect();
void sendRedirect(String var1) throws IOException;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
/*
resp.setHeader("location","/r/img");
resp.setStatus(302);
*/
resp.sendRedirect("/r/img")//重定向
}
面试题:请你聊聊重定向和转发的区别
相同点:
- 页面都会发生跳转
不同点
- 请求转发的时候,url不会发生变化
- 重定向的时候,url地址栏会发生变化
parameter//参数
,"/r/img");
resp.setStatus(302);
*/
resp.sendRedirect("/r/img")//重定向
}
面试题:请你聊聊重定向和转发的区别
相同点:
- 页面都会发生跳转
不同点
- 请求转发的时候,url不会发生变化
- 重定向的时候,url地址栏会发生变化
```java
parameter//参数