Fragment和ActionBar都是Android3.0之后出现的,Fragment,碎片,主要是为了支持更多的UI设计在大屏幕设备上,如平板。因为现在设备的屏幕越来越大,使用Fragment可以更灵活的管理视图层次的变化。像Activity一样,可以创建Fragment来包含View,进行布局,但是Fragment必须嵌入在Activity中,不能单独存在,而且一个Activity可以嵌入多个Fragment,同时一个Fragment可以被多个Activity重用。Action Bar被认为是新版Android系统中最重要的交互元素,在程序运行中一直置于顶部,主要起到的作用在于:突出显示一些重要操作、在程序中保持统一的页面导航和切换方式、将使用频率低的功能放在Action overflow中,节省页面空间、一个固定区域显示程序标示。
Fragment的生命周期
工程目录结构
要使用Fragment首先要继承Fragment Fragment1.java
package com.apical.dzt.fragmentbar;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// return super.onCreateView(inflater, container, savedInstanceState);
System.out.println("---------------onCreateView");
View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
Button btn = (Button) v.findViewById(R.id.btn1);
btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "button", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
.show();
}
});
return v;
}
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onAttach");
super.onAttach(activity);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onCreate");
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onStart");
super.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onResume");
super.onResume();
}
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onSaveInstanceState");
super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onPause");
super.onPause();
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onDestroyView");
super.onDestroyView();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onDestroy");
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("---------------onDetach");
super.onDetach();
}
}
fragment1.xml 布局文件定义
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#f00"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/text1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginLeft="100dp"
android:text="fragment1" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="fragment1" />
</LinearLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.apical.dzt.fragmentbar;
import android.app.ActionBar;
import android.app.ActionBar.Tab;
import android.app.ActionBar.TabListener;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// 得到ActionBar
ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
// actionBar.setDisplayShowTitleEnabled(false);
// actionBar.setDisplayShowCustomEnabled(false);
actionBar.setNavigationMode(ActionBar.NAVIGATION_MODE_TABS);
actionBar.setDisplayOptions(0, ActionBar.DISPLAY_SHOW_TITLE); // 不显示标题
// 创建Tab并设置标签
Tab first = actionBar.newTab().setText(R.string.first);
Tab second = actionBar.newTab().setText(R.string.second);
// 设置图标
first.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
second.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
// 为每个Fragment创建监听器
myTabListener fitstTab = new myTabListener(new Fragment1());
myTabListener secondTab = new myTabListener(new Fragment2());
// 为Tab设置监听器
first.setTabListener(fitstTab);
second.setTabListener(secondTab);
// 把Tab添加到ActionBar中
actionBar.addTab(first);
actionBar.addTab(second);
}
/**
* 实现ActionBar.TabListener接口
*
* @author Administrator
*
*/
class myTabListener implements TabListener {
// 保存每个Tab对应的Fragment
private Fragment fragment;
public myTabListener(Fragment ft) {
fragment = ft;
}
/**
* Tab被选中时显示相应的Fragment
*/
@Override
public void onTabSelected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ft.replace(R.id.fragment_replace, fragment, null);
}
/**
* 选中其它的Tab就移除前一个Fragment
*/
@Override
public void onTabUnselected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ft.remove(fragment);
}
@Override
public void onTabReselected(Tab tab, FragmentTransaction ft) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}
}
activity_main.xml的定义很简单
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/fragment_replace"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
</FrameLayout>
随便定义一个控件或布局,用来显示Fragment就行了 主要是实现TabListener接口,监听每个Tab的改变,并根据Tab显示对应的Fragment
实现的效果图
Demo下载
http://download.csdn.net/detail/deng0zhaotai/6956235