LINQ学习笔记1

dengxi1986

于 2012-11-16 11:09:00 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/accumuluating-everyday/archive/2012/11/16/2772857.html

版权

LINQ是微软在.NET Framework3.5框架上推出的，传统的针对数据的查询是编写字符串文本来写的查询语句，这种方法常常没有编译时的类型检查，安全性、方便性不太好，而LINQ则使需要查询的数据源包含一组数据的集合对象（IEnumerable<T>或IQeryable<T>）类型，返回的查询结果也是一组数据的集合对象。也就是说使用数据查询可以像操作对象一样。

　 LINQ提供两种方式查询数据，一种是查询表达式，这有点像SQL语句，还有一种是查询方法，因为数据源和查询结果都是IEnumerable<T>或IQeryable<T>类型对象，所以可以使用普通对象的形式如调用方法、使用属性等方式来对数据源进行查询，查询方法可以用Lambda表达式。

　　下面看一个使用查询表达式查询数据的例子：

    public class LessonScore
    {
        //字段
        private string _Lesson;
        private float _Score;

        //属性
        public string Lesson
        {
            get { return _Lesson; }
        }
        public float Score
        {
            get { return _Score; }
        }

        public LessonScore(string lesson, float score)
        {
            this._Lesson = lesson;
            this._Score = score;
        }

        //重写ToString方法，按照特定格式打印成绩信息
        public override string ToString()
        {
            string str;
            str = string.Format("{0}---{1}分", this._Lesson, this._Score);
            return str;
        }
    }
    public class Student
    {
        //字段
        private string _Name;
        private uint _Age;
        private string _XingBie;
        private List<LessonScore> _Scores;
        //属性
        public string Name
        {
            get { return _Name; }
        }
        public uint Age
        {
            get { return _Age; }
        }
        public string XingBie
        {
            get { return _XingBie; }
        }
        public List<LessonScore> Scores
        {
            get
            {
                return this._Scores;
            }
        }
        //构造函数
        public Student(string name, uint age, string xingbie, List<LessonScore> scores)
        {
            this._Name = name;
            this._Age = age;
            this._XingBie = xingbie;
            this._Scores = scores;
        }
        //重写ToString()方法，获取学生信息
        public override string ToString()
        {
            string str;
            str = string.Format("{0}-{1}-{2}", this._Name, this._Age, this._XingBie);
            return str;
        }
    }

主方法体：

 static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Student[] array = new Student[]
            {
                new Student("张飞",20,"男",
                    new List<LessonScore>{ new LessonScore("数学",70.0f),new LessonScore("语文",60.5f),new LessonScore("英语",80.5f)}),
                new Student("貂蝉",18,"女",
                    new List<LessonScore>{ new LessonScore("数学",73.5f),new LessonScore("语文",88.5f),new LessonScore("英语",69.0f)}),
                new Student("吕布",31,"男",
                    new List<LessonScore>{ new LessonScore("数学",39.5f),new LessonScore("语文",55.0f),new LessonScore("英语",30.5f)}),
                new Student("关羽",25,"男",
                    new List<LessonScore>{ new LessonScore("数学",78.0f),new LessonScore("语文",78.0f),new LessonScore("英语",28.5f)}),
                new Student("夏侯惠",7,"女",
                    new List<LessonScore>{ new LessonScore("数学",82.0f),new LessonScore("语文",93.5f),new LessonScore("英语",79.0f)})
            };
            var query1 = from st in array
                         from sco in st.Scores
                         where sco.Score > 80
                         group sco by st.Name;
            foreach (var a in query1)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine(a.Key);
                foreach (var item in a)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine("\t{0}", item);
                }
            }
        }