in order to a difference exists ,there should be something in common.they are all realtional database related.
database transaction:a logical unit of database operations performed as a whole process.there are four potent features as following:
1 atomic:all changes to databases either succeed or failed
2 consistent:it suits the integrity of the data.it means the data should be consistent from one state from another state.
3 isolated: all the paraller opertions to the datbase are invisible,that menas one transaction will not affect another transaction
4durable: a completed transaction will persist effective in database
jpa: java persistence api,it is the specification of ORM
jdbc: java is used to connection dataabse resource,but it suits for one database.it also has transaction,but when involve including changes to muliple database,it must bind with jta
jta:java transaction api,it supports application server level. and xa