数组的两大缺点:
1。若改变数组的大小就要创建一个新的数组,并需要从原数组复制所有的数据到新的数组
2。数组元素在内存中依次顺序存储,这意味着向数组插入一项要移动数组中的其他元素
因此,我们使用链式结构,链式结构是存储数据的结点以及指向其他节点的指针的集合。如此一来,节点可以位于内存的任意位置,而且从一个节点到另一个节点的传递可以通过在结构中存储节点间引用来实现。
一。单向链表
1。链表:
如果一个节点包含指向另一个节点的数据值,那么多个节点可以连接成一串,只通过一个变量访问整个节点序列,这样的节点序列称为链表(linked list)
2。单向链表:
如果每个节点仅包含其指向后继节点的引用,这样的链表称为单向链表。
一个整型单向链表的实现:
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
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![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
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![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
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![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
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![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedSubBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedSubBlock.gif)
![dot.gif](/Images/dot.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
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![ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedSubBlockEnd.gif)
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![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
![None.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
二。双向链表
一个整型双向链表的实现:
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
![InBlock.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
![ExpandedBlockEnd.gif](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)