Rocky Linux 8安装MySQL8

1. 先去mysql官网：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/ 选择对应的版本下载，然后上传到Linux机器上或者直接在linux上 wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 下载资源

2. 使用 tar -xvf mysql-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar解压缩
   

3. 安装依赖
   MySQL会依赖到一些第三方软件包，按照以下顺序进行安装：

1.mysal-community-common
2.mysql-community-client-plugins
3.mysql-community-libs
4.mysql-community-icu-data-files
5.mysql-community-client
6.mysql-community-server

安装命令：
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

依赖安装完成后可以使用rpm -qa | grep mysql检查：

或者直接使用yum安装：yum install mysql

4. 初始化mysql：mysqld --initialize --console，输入mysqld后如果出现以下错误：Could not open file ‘/var/log/mysqld.log’ for error logging: Permission denied 解决办法：

• 检查/var/log/mysqld.log 文件是否存在，不存在则新建一个：touch /var/log/mysqld.log
• 确认MySQL服务器用户对该文件具有写权限：

sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/log/mysqld.log
sudo chmod 644 /var/log/mysqld.log

5.登录MySQL:
初始化后，cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep localhost搜索日志查看MySQL临时密码6.登录MySQL：

 mysql -uroot -p'QM4rIhbmeS:U'

又有报错：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ (111)

解决方案：

[root@localhost mysql8] sudo systemctl start mysqld   #开启服务失败
Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@localhost mysql8] sudo systemctl status mysqld    #查看服务状态
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2024-07-26 14:32:17 CST; 6s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 8289 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 8261 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 8289 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
   Status: "Server shutdown complete (with return value = 1)"
    Error: 13 (Permission denied)

 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mysqld.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: mysqld.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Server.

cat /var/log/mysqld.log #查看日志

看到最主要的错误还是权限不足：mysqld: File ‘./binlog.index’ not found (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)

给予权限：

sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/lib/mysql/

重新开启服务：可以看到登录成功！：

6. 登录进数据库后，修改一个好记的密码：ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';