LaTeX环境配置TeXlive2021+Texworks/TeXstudio/VS Code/Sublime Text on Windows WSL or Fedora
1 TeXlive2021 安装
- 目标:安装TeXlive2021+Texworks或TeXstudio
- 系统:Windows WSL(Ubuntu) 以及 Fedora
- 准备文件:TeXlive2021镜像
- 国内镜像源:
https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/
1.1 Windows WSL篇(安装TeXlive)
1.1.1 配置Windows WSL(Ubuntu)
-
安装WSL
控制面板->程序->程序和功能->适用于Linux的Windows子系统
应用商店安装Ubuntu(20.04 LTS) -
换源更新
开始菜单->Ubuntu
命令行执行:sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
替换以下内容,Ctrl+O写入文件保存退出
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
更新
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
Windows资源管理器装载ISO,在WSL中加载
sudo mkdir /mnt/img sudo mount -t drvfs X(系统中盘符): /mnt/img sudo mnt/img/install-tl
1.1.2 安装TeXlive
- 安装TeXlive后,设置环境变量:
sudo /usr/local/texlive/2021/bin/x86_64-linux/tlmgr path add
- 使用Windows字体
sudo apt install fontconfig sudo nano /etc/fonts/local.conf
刷新字体缓存<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd"> <fontconfig> <dir>/mnt/c/Windows/Fonts</dir> </fontconfig>
sudo fc-cache -fv
1.2 Fedora篇(安装TeXlive)
1.2.1 配置Fedora
- 更换国内YUM源
缓存更新,安装更新包,安装perl-tksudo sed -e 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' \ -e 's|^#baseurl=http://download.example/pub/fedora/linux|baseurl=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/fedora|g' \ /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora.repo \ /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-modular.repo \ /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo \ /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates-modular.repo
sudo dnf update -y sudo dnf install perl-tk -y
1.2.2 安装TeXlive (2选1)
- 安装仓库版(1st)
sudo dnf install texlive*
- 安装镜像版(2nd)
加载ISO,转向文件夹所在路径sudo perl install-tl -gui
1.3 配置
1.3.1 更新TeXlive(tlmgr)
sudo tlmgr option repository https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/CTAN/systems/texlive/tlnet
sudo -E tlmgr update --self
sudo -E tlmgr update --list
sudo -E tlmgr update --all
1.3.2 字体配置(Win/Fedora相同)
-
HaranoAjiFonts:
https://github.com/trueroad/HaranoAjiFonts -
日文字体配置
查看可用字体kanji-config-updmap-sys --ja status
输出:
CURRENT family for ja: haranoaji (variant: <empty>) Standby family : ipa Standby family : ipaex
更改
kanji-config-updmap-sys --ja haranoaji
中文配置
kanji-config-updmap-sys --sc fandol
2 各TeX编辑器配置
2.1 编译配置
2.1.1 TeXStudio
【Windows】
- 选项->Command(在所有需要的命令前加上wsl)
Latex
Dvipdfwsl uplatex -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode %.tex
wsl dvipdfmx %.dvi
- 选项->Build
Build&View(uplatex->dvi to pdf)
自定义(uplatex->dvips->ps to pdf)txs:///latex | txs:///dvipdf | txs:///view-pdf
txs:///latex | txs:///dvips | txs:///ps2pdf | txs:///view-pdf
【Fedora】
略
2.1.2 TeXworks
【Windows】
(TeXworks无法使用WSL里的TeXlive,会出现“没有正确配置”提示,只能使用Windows系统下安装版MikTeX或TeXlive)
【Fedora】
(TeXworks首选项->排版->处理工具->添加)
名称:uplatexmk
程序:latexmk
参数(自上而下顺序,一行一个参数)
名称
-latex=uplatex -kanji=utf8 $synctexoption %O %S
-e
$dvipdf=‘dvipdfmx %O -o %D %S’
-pdfdvi
$fullname
运行后查看PDF文件
默认:uplatexmk
2.1.3 VS Code+Latex Workshop
【Windows】
略
(不太建议用同一个工具,比如自己用Win+Fedora双系统时,VSCode账户会自动同步setting中的命令设置,导致每次只有一边系统可以进行编译。)
【Fedora】
settings.json中末尾追加
"latex-workshop.view.pdf.viewer": "tab",
"latex-workshop.latex.autoBuild.run": "never",
"latex-workshop.latex.clean.fileTypes": [
"*.aux", "*.bbl", "*.blg", "*.idx", "*.ind", "*.lof", "*.lot", "*.out", "*.toc", "*.acn", "*.acr", "*.alg", "*.glg", "*.glo", "*.gls", "*.ist", "*.fls", "*.log", "*.fdb_latexmk", "*.synctex.gz",
// for Beamer files
"_minted*", "*.nav", "*.snm", "*.vrb",
],
"latex-workshop.latex.tools": [
{
"name": "latexmk",
"command": "latexmk",
"args": [
"-e",
"$latex=q/uplatex %O -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode -file-line-error %S/",
"-e",
"$bibtex=q/upbibtex %O %B/",
"-e",
"$biber=q/biber %O --bblencoding=utf8 -u -U --output_safechars %B/",
"-e",
"$makeindex=q/upmendex %O -o %D %S/",
"-e",
"$dvipdf=q/dvipdfmx %O -o %D %S/",
"-norc",
"-gg",
"-pdfdvi",
"%DOC%"
]
}
]
2.1.4 Sublime Text (4126)
【Windows】
Tools->Build System->New Build System中新建并保存
- 安装版默认路径
C:\Users\USERNAME\AppData\Roaming\Sublime Text 3\Packages\User\BUILDSYSTEMNAME.sublime-build - 便携版默认路径
X:\Sublime Text\Data\Packages\User\BUILDSYSTEMNAME.sublime-build - 内容:
(wsl uplatex和wsl dvipdfmx之间用&&连接,$file_name包含扩展名,$file_base_name不包含扩展名){"cmd" : ["cmd", "/c", "wsl uplatex -no-guess-input-enc -kanji=utf8 -synctex=1 -interaction=nonstopmode $file_name && cmd /c wsl dvipdfmx ${file_base_name}.dvi"], "shell": true, "working_dir": "${file_path}", }
【Fedora】
0. linux下latexmk的dvipdfmx参数尝试了很多,都不顺利,因此改变思路。
-
新建~/.latexmkrc
nano ~/.latexmkrc
文件内容(默认使用uplatex,dvipdfmx等都写进配置里)
#!/usr/bin/env perl $latex = 'uplatex -synctex=1 -halt-on-error'; $latex_silent = 'uplatex -synctex=1 -halt-on-error -interaction=batchmode'; $bibtex = 'upbibtex'; $dvipdf = 'dvipdfmx %O -o %D %S'; $makeindex = 'upmendex %O -o %D %S'; $max_repeat = 5; $pdf_mode = 3; # generates pdf via dvipdfmx # Prevent latexmk from removing PDF after typeset. # This enables Skim to chase the update in PDF automatically. $pvc_view_file_via_temporary = 0; # Use Evince as a previewer $pdf_previewer = "evince";
-
SublimeText->Tools->Build System->New Build System中新建并保存
{ "cmd" : ["latexmk", "-pvc", "${file_name}"], "shell": false, "working_dir": "${file_path}", }
注意linux下shell一定改为false,否则会引发 \write18 enabled提示无法继续编译
-
Sublime Text中写好文件后编译,默认情况下用Evince打开。好处是WYSIWYG。只要保持PDF窗口打开,每次在Sublime Text编辑窗口中保存好更新的tex文件,PDF就会自动重新编译。
2.2 颜色配置
2.3.1 TeXStudio
略
2.3.2 TeXworks
【Fedora】
-
配色
fedora文本编辑器背景色,前景色
路径(任意):~/.config/texworks
(新建) user.cssQTextEdit { background-color: #003333; color: #FFF8DC; }
-
Fedora(GNOME)下Texworks修改桌面快捷方式:
sudo nano /usr/share/applications/texworks.desktop
原:
Exec=texworks %F
改:
Exec=texworks -stylesheet /home/flakrp/.config/texworks/user.css %F
Ctrl+O 保存退出
-
TeXworks语法高亮颜色(Latex):
(TeXworks首选项->编辑器->语法高亮->Latex)
命令行:sudo nano ~/.local/share/TUG/TeXworks/configuration/syntax-patterns.txt
[LaTeX] #special characters #993333;B N [$#^_{}&] #LaTeX environments #6699FF;B N \\(?:begin|end)\s*\{[^\}]*\} #LaTeX packages darkblue N \\usepackage\s*(?:\[[^\]]*\]\s*)?\{[^\}]*\} #control sequences #0099FF;B N \\(?:[\p{L}@]+|.) #comments #66CC99 Y %.*
%%%%%%%语法说明(texworks manual p37)%%%%%%%%%%
<foreground_colour>/<background_colour>;
Examples(Hex颜色开头空一格):
Ex.
red
white/#000000
;B
blue;I
#000000/#ffff00;U
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
2.3.3 VS Code
Marketplace里安装:
@id:vscode.theme-solarized-dark