scala高阶函数练习题10题

1、定义一个高阶函数，按照指定的规则对集合里面的每个元素进行操作
比如: Array(“spark”,“hello”,“java”,“hadoop”)
规则: 对集合中每个元素进行操作，得到集合每个元素的长度

object Test01 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val list = Array("spark", "hello", "java", "hadoop")

    //完整写法
    val fun = (s: String) => {
      s.length
    }
    println(doSome(list, fun))

    //匿名写法
    println(doSome(list, (s: String) => {
      s.length
    }))
    //省略类型,大括号
    println(doSome(list,(s)=>s.length))
    //省略小括号
    println(doSome(list,s=>s.length))
    //用_
    println(doSome(list,_.length))

  }

  def doSome(list: Array[String], fun: (String) => Int) = {
    val res = for (elem <- list) yield {
      fun(elem)
    }
    res.toList
  }
}

2、定义一个高阶函数，对数据中的元素按照指定的规则进行过滤
比如: Array(1,4,7,9,10,6,8)
规则: 只保留偶数数据

object Test02 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val list = Array(1,4,7,9,10,6,8)
    println(filter(list,(_%2==0)))
  }

  def filter(list: Array[Int],fun:(Int)=>Boolean) = {
  	//用fun做守卫,过滤
    val res = for (elem <- list if (fun(elem))) yield {
      elem
    }
    res.toList
  }
}

3、对数据中的元素按照指定规则进行分组
比如:Array(“zhangsan shenzhen man”,“lisi beijing woman”,“zhaoliu beijing man”)
规则: 按照地址进行分组

object Test03 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val list = Array("zhangsan shenzhen man","lisi beijing woman","zhaoliu beijing man")
    println(group(list,_.split(" ")(2)))
  }

  def group(list:Array[String],fun:(String)=>String) = {
    val map = new util.HashMap[String,util.ArrayList[String]]()
    for (elem <- list) {
      val key = fun(elem)
      if(map.containsKey(key)){
        map.get(key).add(elem)
      }else{
        val value = new util.ArrayList[String]()
        value.add(elem)
        map.put(key,value)
      }
    }
    map
  }
}

4、根据指定的规则获取数组中最大元素
比如:val list = Array(“zhangsan 30 3500”,“lisi 25 1800”,“zhaoliu 29 4500”,“qianqi 30 4500”)
规则: 获取工资高的人的信息，可能有多个

object Test04 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val list = Array("zhangsan 30 3500","lisi 25 1800","zhaoliu 29 4500","qianqi 30 4500")
    println(getMax(list,_.split(" ")(2 ).toInt))
  }

  def getMax(list:Array[String],fun:(String)=>Int) = {
    var max = fun(list(0))
    val res = new util.ArrayList[String]()
    for (elem <- list) {
      val cru = fun(elem)
      if (max<cru) max = cru
    }
    //找出所有信息
    for (elem <- list) {
      val cru = fun(elem)
      if (max==cru) res.add(elem)
    }
    res
  }

}

5、根据指定规则对数组所有元素聚合
比如:Array(10,4,6,10,2)
规则: 求和/求乘积

object Test05 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val list = Array(10,4,6,10,2)
    println(poly(list,_+_))
  }

  def poly(list:Array[Int],fun:(Int,Int)=>Int) = {
    var res = list(0)
    for (i<-1 until list.size) res = fun(res,list(i))
    res
  }
}

6、编写函数values(fun: (Int) => Int, low: Int, high: Int),该函数输出一个集合，对应给定区间内给定函数的输入和输出。
比如:values(x => x * x, -5, 5)应该产出一个对偶的集合(-5, 25), (-4, 16), (-3, 9), …, (5, 25)

object Test06 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    println(values(x => x * x, -5, 5))
  }

  def values(fun: (Int) => Int, low: Int, high: Int)={
    val list = new util.ArrayList[String]()
    for (i<-low to high){
      val res = fun(i.abs)
      list.add(s"(${i}, ${res})")
    }
    list
  }
}

7、如何用得到数组中的最大元素
比如:var array = Array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,88,100,123,14444)

object Test07 {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    var array = Array(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,88,100,123,14444)
    val res = getMax(array,_-_)
    println(res)
  }

  def getMax(arr:Array[Int],fun:(Int,Int)=>Int) = {
    var max = arr(0)
    for (i<- 1 until  arr.length){
      val res = fun(max,arr(i))
      if (res < 0) max = arr(i)
    }
    max
  }

}

8、实现阶乘函数,不得使用循环或递归

object Test08 {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val res = factorial(4,_*_)
    println(res)
  }

  def factorial(n:Int,fun:(Int,Int)=>Int) = {
    var res = 1
    for (i<- 2 to n) res=fun(res,i)
    res
  }
}

9、编写函数largest(fun: (Int) => Int, inputs: Seq[Int])，输出在给定输入序列中给定函数的最大值。举例来说，largest(x => 10 * x - x * x, 1 to 10)应该返回25。不得使用循环或递归

object Test09 {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val res = largest(x => 10 * x - x * x, 1 to 10)
    println(res)
  }

  def largest(fun: (Int) => Int, inputs: Seq[Int]) = {
    var max = fun(inputs(0))
    for (elem <- inputs) {
      val cru = fun(elem)
      if (cru>max) max = cru
    }
    max
  }

}

10、修改前一个函数，返回最大的输出对应的输入。举例来说,largestAt(fun: (Int) => Int, inputs: Seq[Int])应该返回5。不得使用循环或递归

object Test10 {

  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    val res = largest(x => 10 * x - x * x, 1 to 10)
    println(res)
  }

  def largest(fun: (Int) => Int, inputs: Seq[Int]) = {
    var max = fun(0)
    var res = 0
    for (i <-1 until  inputs.length) {
      val cru = fun(i)
      if (cru>max) {
        max = cru
        res = i
      }
    }
    res
  }

}