Java EE 官方文档解读

Java EE 官方文档记录

此博文记录Java EE8官方文档的一些阅读总结

文档地址

1. Java EE 8

有意思的话

现实：

In the world of information technology, enterprise applications must be designed, built, and produced for less money, with greater speed, and with fewer resources

Java EE 的组件

The Java EE specification defines the following Java EE components:

• Application clients and applets are components that run on the client.
• Java Servlet, JavaServer Faces, and JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology components are web components that run on the server.
• EJB components (enterprise beans) are business components that run on the server

Java EE container

Containers are the interface between a component and the low-level, platform-specific functionality that supports the component.

Before it can be executed, a web, enterprise bean, or application client component must be assembled into a Java EE module and deployed into its container

The container also manages nonconfigurable services, such as enterprise bean and servlet lifecycles, database connection resource pooling, data persistence, and access to the Java EE platform APIs

Web Container

A web container provides such services as request dispatching, security, concurrency, and lifecycle management

JSF

In JSF 2.3, managed bean annotations are deprecated; CDI is now the preferred approach.

RESTful Web Services

The REST architectural style is designed to use a stateless communication protocol, typically HTTP. In the REST architecture style, clients and servers exchange representations of resources by using a standardized interface and protocol.

EJB

Written in the Java programming language, an enterprise bean is a server-side component that encapsulates the business logic of an application.

JPA

An entity is a lightweight persistence domain object. Typically, an entity represents a table in a relational database, and each entity instance corresponds to a row in that table

Security

A realm is a complete database of users and groups identified as valid users of one or more applications and controlled by the same authentication policy.

A principal is an entity that can be authenticated by an authentication protocol in a security service that is deployed in an enterprise. A principal is identified by using a principal name and authenticated by using authentication data.

A credential is an object that contains or references security attributes used to authenticate a principal for Java EE services. A principal acquires a credential upon authentication or from another principal that allows its credential to be used

When you design an enterprise bean or web component, you should always think about the kinds of users who will access the component

CDI

Beans that use session, application, or conversation scope must be serializable, but beans that use request scope do not have to be serializable.

JTA

The Java™ Transaction API (JTA) allows applications to perform distributed transactions, that is, transactions that access and update data on two or more networked computer resources

常见用语

• Java EE - Java Enterprise Edition - Java企业版
• Java SE - Java Standard Edition - Java标准版
• Java Specification Requests - JSR - Java规范要求
• Enterprise JavaBeans - EJB - 企业级 Java bean
• Enterprise information system - EIS -企业信息系统，这里通常指 存储数据的地方，如DB
• Graphical User Interface - GUI - 图形用户界面
• Java Persistence API - JPA
• Java Transaction API - JTA
• Java API for RESTful Web Services - JAX-RS
• Contexts and Dependency Injection for Java EE - CDI
• Java Archive - JAR
• Web Archive - WAR
• Enterprise Archive -EAR
• World Wide Web Consortium - W3C -万维网联盟
• Uniform Resource Identifiers - URI
• Java Persistence Query Language - JPQL

值得读的章节

Java EE 体系

• 介绍JAVA EE
• 分布式多层级应用简介
• Java EE Container简介
• Java EE 技术体系简介
• Java EE中的打包概览
• Web Application总览

JSF部分

• 什么是JSF应用
• JSF中web.xml的Development的作用
• JSF支持的标签
• JSF生命周期
• JSF中访问Web Resource
• JSF中的Ajax概览
• JSF国际化处理
• JSF标签

CDI部分

• CDI概览
• CDI中Scope,以及哪些scope注解的bean需要实现序列化接口
• CDI中@Alternative的场景以及用法

Web Services部分

JAXRS部分

• RESTful入门介绍
• JAXRS其他注解
• RestEasy

EJB部分

• 什么时候使用无状态、有状态、单例的session

JPA部分

• Entity简介
• persistence.xml部分配置
• JPQL入门
• java:app/global/module解释
• java:comp/env/jdbc解释
• JPA内嵌对象@Embeddable

Java EE Security 部分

• security入门
• Realm,User,Group,Roles

问题记录

Windows下Tomca启动乱码

这是因为Windows下编码应该设置为GBK

1. 进入tomcat安装路径中的conf文件夹
2. 打开logging-properties文件
3. 找到java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.encoding = UTF-8 ，将其中的UTF-8改为GBK
4. 保存退出
5. 再次启动即可

Windows下安装多个Tomcat

直接下载自己需要的版本即可

Windows下安装多个Tomcat的问题

一般安装完Tomcat之后，我们会设置环境变量。如果是多个Tomcat，那么Tomcat所对应的环境变量也应该是多个。否则的话，多个Tomcat的启动脚本拿到的环境变量都是同一个

解决方案

只需要把启动脚本里的取值改了即可.详细步骤参考这里

Windows下运行Java EE项目

最直接的办法就是下载一个Tomcat EE，在IDEA中配置即可.不要使用Tomcat，配置起来相当麻烦，还会有各种各样的问题

Hibernate

https://www.cnblogs.com/sundaysjava/p/10328299.html

资源

JavaEE的一些例子

1. tomee网站的所有例子
2. Github上关于JavaEE8好的示例

有意思的思考？

RESTFul中POST和PUT如何抉择？

高赞回答.大致理解为当你想对资源进行的操作是幂等的时候，用PUT。如果想对资源的操作不是幂等的时候，用POST。并不是，POST用于创建资源，PUT用于修改资源，或者，PUT用于创建资源，POST用于修改资源。这两种说法都不对