scrapy的settings.py详细解读

上一篇爬了阳光政务，正好没有给出settings.py文件的代码，那就以它为例子注释一下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for yangguang project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'yangguang'					项目名字			

SPIDER_MODULES = ['yangguang.spiders']			爬虫位置
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'yangguang.spiders'			新建爬虫位置

LOG_LEVEL = "WARNING"					现实日志的等级=“warning”

# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36'		浏览器的身份标识

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True			true=遵守robot协议  false=不遵守。。。

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32			concurrent=并发，request=请求，同时请求，数字越大越快，被识别为爬虫的概率也会更高

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3		  下载延迟  3  s
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:	配合下载延迟可以使用：
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16		每个域名的最大并发请求数
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16			每个ip的最大并发请求数

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False				是否开启cookie，默认是开启状态，不启用cookie的话需要取消注释，令其为false

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)		
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False		

# Override the default request headers:		
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {						默认请求头，u-a不能放入，必须放在上面
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'yangguang.middlewares.YangguangSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'yangguang.middlewares.YangguangDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'yangguang.pipelines.YangguangPipeline': 300,
}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)		     自动限速
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)			http缓存
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'