敲完三层后,感觉还是对三层架构没有那么亲切,和小伙伴交流后,他们说多多敲几遍,就懂了,其实就是那么几条线,所以:不管会不会,先去做吧!
下面是关于七层的包图:
我的解决方案:
代码部分:
U层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports Login.Entity.UserEntity
Imports Facade
Imports System.Net.Dns
Public Class FrmLogin
Private Sub btnOK_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnOK.Click
Dim strResult1 As Boolean
Dim strResult2 As Boolean
Dim FacadeLogin As New Facade.LoginFacade '定义一个外观对象
Dim UserInfo As New Login.Entity.UserEntity '定义一个实体类对象
'判断文本框
If txtUsername.Text = "" Then
MessageBox.Show("温馨提示,思密达输入用户名", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation)
txtUsername.Text = "" '设置为空
txtUsername.Focus() '用户名获得焦点
Exit Sub
End If
If txtPassword.Text = "" Then
MessageBox.Show("思密达,请输入密码", "", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Exclamation)
txtPassword.Text = "" '设置为空
txtPassword.Focus() '密码框获得焦点
Exit Sub
End If
Try
'将文本框中的参数传递给实体
UserInfo.UserName = txtUsername.Text.Trim() '将用户名和密码赋值给实体类的对象UserinfoUserName;Password属性;
UserInfo.Password = txtPassword.Text.Trim() '从而Userinfo获取了U层的参数,通过外观层,传递到B层进行判断;
strResult1 = FacadeLogin.CheckUser(UserInfo) '将U层的用户名通过外观层传到B层,得到外观的返回值;
strResult2 = FacadeLogin.CheckPwd(UserInfo)
If strResult1 = False Or strResult2 = False Then '通过返回值来判断用户是否存在;
MsgBox("用户名或密码不正确!")
txtUsername.Text = ""
txtPassword.Text = ""
txtUsername.Focus()
Else
MsgBox("登录成功!Amazing")
End If
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox("用户不存在或者密码不正确!")
txtUsername.Text = ""
txtPassword.Text = ""
txtUsername.Focus()
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub btnCancel_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles btnCancel.Click
Me.Close() '关闭窗体
End Sub
Private Sub FrmLogin_Load(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
'获取计算机名称
Dim Address() As System.Net.IPAddress 'class system.net.IPAddress提供网际协议(IP)地址;
'class system.net.dns提供简单的域名解析功能;
'GetHostName()获取本地主机名;
'AddressList获取或设置与主机关联的IP列表;
Address = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList
txtComputer.Text = System.Net.Dns.GetHostName().ToString()
End Sub
End Class</span>
Façade层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports Login.Entity
Imports Login.BLL
Imports System.Reflection
Public Class LoginFacade
Public Function CheckUser(ByVal UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As Boolean
Dim isUserExists As New Login.BLL.UserBLL() '实例化B层UserBLL类对象;
Dim flag As Boolean
flag = isUserExists.IsUserExists(UserInfo) '判断是否存在该用户
Return flag
End Function
Public Function CheckPwd(ByVal UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As Boolean
Dim isPwd As New Login.BLL.UserBLL() '实例化UserBLL对象;
Dim flag1 As Boolean
flag1 = isPwd.IsPwdRight(UserInfo) '判断userinfo对象的密码是否存在;
Return flag1
End Function
End Class</span>
B层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Public Class UserBLL
'检查用户是否存在
Public Function IsUserExists(ByVal UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As Boolean
Dim Iuser As IDAL.IuserInfoDAL
'调用创建用户的工厂方法
Iuser = Factory.LoginFactory.CreateUserInfo
Dim table As DataTable
Dim flag As Boolean
table = Iuser.selectUser(UserInfo)
'由于在sqlhelper中以表格的形式存在(adataset.Tables(0)),且开头第一列表示为0,所以Item(0)表示为用户名;
If table.Rows(0).Item(0) = 0 Then '第一行第一列
flag = False
Else
flag = True
End If
Return flag
End Function
'查看密码是否正确
Public Function IsPwdRight(ByVal UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As Boolean
Dim Iuser As IDAL.IuserInfoDAL
Dim table As DataTable '中间变量用来存储数据
Dim flag1 As Boolean
Iuser = Factory.LoginFactory.CreateUserInfo '调用工厂方法的Createuserinfo来创建iuser;
table = Iuser.selectUser(UserInfo) '调用接口的方法selectUser
If table.Rows(0).Item(0) = 0 Then
flag1 = False
Else
flag1 = True
End If
Return flag1
End Function
End Class</span>
Factory层:
为什么要用反射?
个人认为,接口本身没有没有具体实现,反射就是把接口的dll加载进内存,然后通过反射,实例化D层的类,调用dll方法。将B层的参数通过反射的方法, 在D层做具体实现。(仅供参考)
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Reflection '使用反射来帮我们克服抽象工厂模式的先天不足
Imports Login.IDAL
Imports Login.DAL
Public Class LoginFactory
'读配置文件,D层的每个类在配置文件里面对应一个key
'下面这句式把key变成变量,然后在下面这个方法中用这个变量就可以应用D层里面这个类了;
Dim strDB As String = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings("DBString")
''' <summary>
''' ’实例化LoginDAL中users表中一个类
''' </summary>
''' <returns></returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Shared Function CreateUserInfo() As Login.IDAL.IuserInfoDAL
'CType是一个内联函数,将前面的部分转换为后半部分;
'LoginDAL为程序集名称;
'Login.DAL为命名空间名称;
'IuserInfoDAL 为要实例化的“类名”;
'CreateUserInfo ’创建实例;
Return CType(Assembly.Load("LoginDAL").CreateInstance("Login.DAL" & "." & "UserDAL"), IuserInfoDAL)
End Function
End Class</span>
接口层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports Login.Entity
Public Interface IuserInfoDAL
'UserInfo为用户的实体,是由实体类实例化而来的
'即所谓的传实体
'此接口定义了一个方法,用来检测用户是否存在
Function selectUser(ByVal UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As DataTable
End Interface</span>
D层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports System.Data.SqlClient
'system.data.sqlClient命名空间是SQL SERVER的.netframework数据提供的程序
'sql server的.net framework数据提供程序描述了一个类集合,这个类用于访问托管中的sql server数据库;
Imports Login.Entity
Imports Login.IDAL
Imports SQLHelper
Public Class UserDAL : Implements IDAL.IuserInfoDAL '实现接口中的方法;
'声明并实例化sqlhelper类
Private SqlHelper As SQLHelper.sqlhelper = New SQLHelper.sqlhelper
Public Function selectUser(UserInfo As Login.Entity.UserEntity) As DataTable Implements IuserInfoDAL.selectUser
Dim Sql As String
Dim table As DataTable '中间变量用于存储从数据库中查找信息
Dim sqlConnectStr As String = "server =ZLT;database=Login;uid=sa;pwd=123"
'声明并实例化参数数组
Dim sqlParams As SqlParameter() = {New SqlParameter("@UserName", UserInfo.UserName), New SqlParameter("@Password", UserInfo.Password)}
Sql = "select * from Users where UserName=@UserName and Password=@Password" 'SQL是查询到的信息;
'下句为调用SqlHelper类中的GetDataTable()方法来执行查询,并获取返回值;
table = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(Sql, CommandType.Text, sqlParams)
Return table
End Function
End Class</span>
Entity层:
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Public Class UserEntity
'区别变量的名字,变量的名字比数据库多“_”
Private _UserName As String
Private _Password As String
Private _UserID As String
Private _level As String
Private _Holder As String
'以下为可读写属性,名字和数据库中的一样
Public Property UserName() As String
Get
Return _UserName
End Get
Set(value As String)
_UserName = value
End Set
End Property
Public Property Password() As String
Get
Return _Password
End Get
Set(value As String)
_Password = value
End Set
End Property
End Class</span>
SQLHelper层:
为什么要用SQLHelper?
Sqlhelper封装了对数据库的增删改查,所以减少了代码的量,提高了系统性能;具体见:点我
<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports System.Configuration
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Reflection
Public Class sqlhelper
'configurationManager表示读配置文件;
'appsetting获取配置文件的数据;
Public Shared ConnectionString As String = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings("sqlConnectStr")
'sqlDataAdapter表示用于填充Data.Dataset和更新SQL SERVER数据库的一组数组命令和一个数据库连接;
Private Shared Property adaptor As SqlDataAdapter
'''<summary>
'''执行带参数的查询操作
'''</summary>
''' <param name="cmdTxt">参数cmdTxt为所要执行的sql语句</param>
''' <param name="cmdType">查询时的查询方式</param>
''' <param name="paras">查询时的命令参数paras</param>
''' <returns>查询后以表示的方式返回,如下面adataset.Tables(0)</returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Public Shared Function GetDataTable(ByVal cmdTxt As String, ByVal cmdType As CommandType, ByVal paras As SqlParameter()) As DataTable
Dim conn As SqlConnection = New SqlConnection(ConnectionString) '建立数据库连接;
Dim cmd As SqlCommand '定义命令变量;
Dim adaptor As SqlDataAdapter '定义数据库适配器;
Dim adataset As DataSet '定义并实例化数据库缓冲区对象,即从数据库传入对象;
cmd = New SqlCommand(cmdTxt, conn) '在Conn上实例化命令变量,并执行cmdType;
cmd.CommandType = cmdType '执行命令的类型
cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paras) '命令执行时的参数
adaptor = New SqlDataAdapter(cmd) '将结果绑定到数据库适配器变量adaptor上面;
adataset = New DataSet 'dataset表示数据内存中缓存;
Try
'如果数据库连接状态为关闭则将其打开;
If conn.State = ConnectionState.Closed Then
conn.Open()
End If
adaptor.Fill(adataset) '向adaptor对象中填充要查询的数据;
Catch ex As Exception
'错误处理程序,出错则提示
MsgBox(ex.Message, , "数据库操作!")
Finally
'如果连接状态为打开,则将其关闭,释放内存;
If conn.State = ConnectionState.Open Then
conn.Close()
End If
End Try
'以表格的形式返回结果
Return adataset.Tables(0)
End Function
Function GetDataTable() As DataTable
Throw New NotImplementedException
End Function
End Class</span>
生成依赖项关系图:
小结:
这个阶段总是在参考别人的博客学习,学到了很多东西,自己也亲自调试了好多错误(具体错误:点我),成长了好多,在以后机房重构的过程中,希望自己多多实践自己的想法。
1、 站在巨人的肩膀上学习,让我们知道了许多以前不知道的地方;
2、 代码如人生,重要的不是代码,而是思想。
感谢您的宝贵时间~~~