对于Virtual的使用,有时候总有些犹豫,特别是最近学的东西太杂,今天化了点时间,把C#里面的Virtual彻底搞明白了。
virtual出问题主要是由于声明对象的类和对象实际所属的类不是一个类,一般都是父类和子类的关系。比如:
ClassParent obj = new ClassSub(),这是根源。
virtual和非virtual关键是在运行时候,而不是在编译时候。
1, 如果方法不是virtual的,编译器就使用声明的类对应的类型,也就是说,不是virtual的,在编译时候,就定了。比如下面的例子:子类的方法都没有执行,执行的全部都是父类的方法。运行的结果是
father
boy
girl
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2, 如果方法是Virtual的,然后子类使用了override, 编译器就生产代码。然后,在运行的时候,进行检测,看对象属于哪个类,然后调用这个类的方法。 这个是最常用的方法,基本上所有书上说的就是这个,我就不多此一举了。
3,如果一个父类的方法是virtual,子类不是用override,而是用new来覆盖了,那么运行子类的时候,还是执行声明的类的方法。比如下面的例子中,girl类对象就是。
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没有VS.Net,代码写的有些不那么美观,将就看吧。来这里好长时间了,没有写点.Net的文章,担心那天把我驱逐出去,写这篇来说说一些概念性的东西吧。