八数码裸bfs

#define DeBUG
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <map>
#include <bitset>
#include<time.h>
using namespace std ;
#define zero {0}
#define INF 2000000000
#define EPS 1e-6
typedef long long LL;
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
inline int sgn(double x)
{
    return fabs(x) < EPS ? 0 :(x < 0 ? -1 : 1);
}
int n;//n*n 
struct MAP
{
    int mp[10][10];//状态 
    int step[100];//回溯方向 
    int stepnum;//步数 
    int x,y;//保存当前0位置 
    inline bool operator ==(const MAP &a)
    {
        for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
            for(int j=1; j<=n; j++)
            {
                if(mp[i][j]!=a.mp[i][j])
                    return false;
            }
        return true;
    }
};
MAP origin;//初始态 
MAP goal;
int dir[4][2]= {0,1,0,-1,-1,0,1,0};
void Reset()
{
    memset(origin.mp,-1,sizeof(origin.mp));
    int num=1;
    for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
    {
        for(int j=1; j<=n; j++)
        {
            origin.mp[i][j]=num++;
        }
    }
    origin.mp[n][n]=0;
    origin.x=n;
    origin.y=n;
    memset(origin.step,-1,sizeof(origin.step));
    origin.stepnum=0;
}
int maxx=1;
MAP bfs()
{
    queue<MAP>Q;
    Q.push(origin);
    MAP now;
    int m,k;
    while(!Q.empty())
    {
        now=Q.front();
        Q.pop();
        int len=now.stepnum;
        //    printf("%d %d\n",len+1,maxx++);
        m=now.y;
        k=now.x;
        for(int l=0; l<4; l++)
        {
            if((l==0&&now.step[len-1]==1)||
                (l==1&&now.step[len-1]==0)||
                (l==2&&now.step[len-1]==3)||
                (l==3&&now.step[len-1]==2))
                continue;
            int ni=m+dir[l][0];
            int nj=k+dir[l][1];
            if(now.mp[ni][nj]>=0)
            {
                swap(now.mp[m][k],now.mp[ni][nj]);
                now.step[now.stepnum++]=l;
                now.x=nj;
                now.y=ni;
                if(now==goal)
                {
                //    printf("%d\n",now.stepnum);
                //    printf("Time used = %.0lf ms\n",(double)(1000*clock()/CLOCKS_PER_SEC));//**********************
                //    system("pause");
                    return now;
                }
                else
                {
                    Q.push(now);
                    now.x=k;
                    now.y=m;
                    now.stepnum--;
                    now.step[len]=-1;
                    swap(now.mp[m][k],now.mp[ni][nj]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    printf("%d\n",now.stepnum);
    return now;
}
int main()
{
#ifdef DeBUGs
    freopen("C:\\Users\\Sky\\Desktop\\1.in","r",stdin);
    //    freopen("C:\\Users\\Sky\\Desktop\\打表.txt","w",stdout);//PLEASE DELETE IT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
#endif
    while(scanf("%d", &n)+1)
    {
        MAP it;
        Reset();
        for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)
        {
            for(int j=1; j<=n; j++)
            {
                scanf("%d", &goal.mp[i][j]);
            }
        }
        it=bfs();
        printf("%d\n",it.stepnum);
        for(int i=it.stepnum-1;i>=0;i--)
        {
            switch(it.step[i])
            {
                case 0:
                printf("l");
                break;
                case 1:
                printf("r");
                break;
                case 2:
                printf("d");
                break;
                case 3:
                printf("u");
                break;
                default:
                printf("kao");
            }
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}
/*
3
5 1 3
4 2 6
0 7 8
3
6 2 8
1 0 3
4 7 5
3
2 7 3
1 8 4
5 0 6
3
7 5 3
1 0 4
2 8 6
3
3 4 1
0 2 6
7 5 8
3
3 1 5
2 0 8
4 7 6
3
1 5 2
7 4 8
0 6 3
3
4 0 8
5 6 1
7 3 2
3
4 5 0
2 3 1
7 8 6
3
2 6 8
4 5 7
1 3 0
3
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 0 8

8
uurdldrr
16
rullddrrulurdldr
13
uuldrrdllurdr
20
rdlulurdldrulurdldrr
15
urrdllurdrulddr
14
uldrrullddrurd
10
urrdluurdd
17
rddluurddlulurrdd
12
dlurdllurdrd
20
uldruuldldrruulldrdr
1
r
请按任意键继续. . .
*/

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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Skyxj/p/3390002.html