上篇内容简单介绍了几个概念,接下来开始编程之旅吧。
目录
一、新建maven项目:cloud2020
- GroupId :com.diligentkong.springcloud
- ArtifactId: cloud2020
- Version:1.0-SNAPSHOT
1.1 pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.diligentkong.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
</modules>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<name>Maven</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://maven.apache.org/</url>
<inceptionYear>2001</inceptionYear>
<distributionManagement>
<site>
<id>website</id>
<url>scp://webhost.company.com/www/website</url>
</site>
</distributionManagement>
<!--统一管理jar包和版本-->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
<druid.verison>1.1.16</druid.verison>
<mybatis.spring.boot.verison>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.verison>
</properties>
<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本 + 子module不用写groupId和version-->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- MySql -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Druid -->
<!-- <dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.verison}</version>
</dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.verison}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-springboot整合 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.verison}</version>
</dependency>
<!--lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<locales>en,fr</locales>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<reporting>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-project-info-reports-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</reporting>
</project>
1.2 Maven中的dependencyManagement和dependencies
Maven使用dependencyManagement元素提供了一种管理依赖版本号的方式
通常会在一个组织或者项目的最顶层的父POM中看到dependencyManagement元素
使用pom.xml中的dependencyManagement元素能让所有在子项目中引入一个依赖而不用显式的列出版本号。
Maven会沿着父子层次向上走,直到找到一个拥有dependencyManagement元素的项目,然后它就会使用这个dependencyManagement元素中指定的版本号。
这样做的好处是: 如果多个子项目都引用同一样依赖,则可以避免在每个使用的子项目里都声明一个版本号,这样当想升级或切换到另一个版本时,只需要在顶层父容器里更新,而不需要一个一个子项目的修改;另外如果某个子项目需要另外的一个版本,只需要声明version即可。
dependencyManagement里只是声明依赖,并不实现引入,因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖。
如果不在子项目中声明依赖,是不会从父项目中继承下来的,只有在子项目中写了该依赖项,并且没有指定具体版本才会从父项目中继承该项,并且version和scope都读取自父pom。
如果子项目中指定了版本号,那么会使用子项目中指定的jar版本。
1.3 Maven中跳过单元测试
温馨提示一下,怕遗忘
点击之后,点击一下Maven clean maven install,项目编译成功
1.4 构建微服务模块
主要步骤分为:
- 建module
- 改pom文件
- 写yml
- 创建主启动类
- 编写业务类
后续我们都是按照这个步骤进行构建微服务模块。
按照上述步骤开始创建微服务之旅吧
二、构建微服务cloud-provider-payment8001
在父工程cloud2020上,右击 new —Module–maven
artofactId:cloud-provider-payment8001
2.1 pom文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<groupId>com.diligentkong.springcloud</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.diligentkong.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--监控-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--mysql-connector-java-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--jdbc-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
2.2 application.yml
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource #当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver #mysql数据库驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2020?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false #数据库名称
username: root
password: rhwl1234,
dbcp2:
min-idle: 5 # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
initial-size: 5 # 初始化连接数
max-total: 5 # 最大连接数
max-wait-millis: 200 # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
type-aliases-package: com.diligentkong.springcloud.entities #所有Entity别名类所在
2.3 主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class,args);
}
}
2.4 业务类
2.4.1 sql语句
CREATE TABLE `payment`(
`id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'ID',
`serial` VARCHAR(200) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
2.4.2 entities
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment {
private Long id;
private String serial;
}
返回给前端的通用接口
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private Integer code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(Integer code,String message){
this(code,message,null);
}
}
dao层
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
public int create(Payment payment);
public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
mapper配置文件,路径:src/main/resources/mapper/PaymentMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.diligentkong.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.diligentkong.springcloud.entities.Payment">
<id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"></id>
<id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"></id>
</resultMap>
<insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert into payment(serial) values (#{serial});
</insert>
<select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select * from payment where id=#{id};
</select>
</mapper>
service层
public interface PaymentService {
public int create(Payment payment);
public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
@Resource
private PaymentDao paymentDao;
@Override
public int create(Payment payment) {
return paymentDao.create(payment);
}
@Override
public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
}
}
controller层
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
@Resource
private PaymentService paymentService;
@PostMapping(value = "/payment/create")
public CommonResult create(Payment payment){
int result = paymentService.create(payment);
log.info("************插入结果:"+result);
if (result > 0) {
return new CommonResult(200,"插入数据库成功",result);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444,"插入数据库失败",null);
}
}
@GetMapping(value = "/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
log.info("*******插入结果:"+payment);
if (payment != null){
return new CommonResult(200,"查询成功",payment);
} else {
return new CommonResult(444,"没有对应记录,查询ID: "+id,null);
}
}
}
2.5测试结果
三、构建微服务cloud-consumer-order80
3.1 pom文件
为方便,只填写依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--监控-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3.2 application.yml
server:
port: 80
3.3 主启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class,args);
}
}
3.4 业务类
客户端消费者80 去调用微服务提供者8001
Copy8001中entities中的内容到80
两个端口 两个服务,
传统情况下在java代码里访问restful服务,一般使用Apache的HttpClient。不过此种方法使用起来太过繁琐。spring提供了一种简单便捷的模板类来进行操作,这就是RestTemplate。。
RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模块类,是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集。
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴无脑,(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表 请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。
3.4.1 配置RestTemplate
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
3.4.2 controller层
在controller层调用restTemplate
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
@Resource
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
public CommonResult<Payment> create(@RequestBody Payment payment){
return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/create",payment,CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL+"/payment/get/"+id,CommonResult.class);
}
}
3.5 测试结果
四、 抽取工具类,新建module cloud-api-common
由于80与8001系统中有重复的地方,把相同部分拿出来进行重构,工具类都可以放里面。
4.1 pom文件
<dependencies>
<!--热部署-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>5.1.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4.2 修改 三个module
- 将重复的entities包copy到cloud-api-common中
- 执行maven 命令 clean install
- 对订单80和支付8001进行改造,删除各自原先有过的entities文件夹,在各自pom中添加如下依赖:
<!--引入自己定义的api通用包-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.diligentkong.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
以上项目入门级就算完了,接着进入微服务。
github源代码地址:https://github.com/diligentkong/cloud2020