mtf算法(关于该算法:https://www2.cs.duke.edu/csed/algoprobs/beta/bw1.html):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void mtf_encode(const char *s, unsigned len, int *code)
{
int pos = 0, num, trace = 0;
unsigned i, j, k;
int is_hav[26], stack[26];
memset(is_hav, 0, 26);
while (*s)
{
if (!is_hav[*s - 'a'])
{
stack[pos] = *s - 'a' + 1;
is_hav[*s - 'a'] = 1;
++pos;
code[trace++] = pos;
}
else
{
j = 0;
while (stack[j] != *s - 'a' + 1) j++;
code[trace++] = j + 1, num = stack[j];
while (j > 0) stack[j] = stack[j - 1], j--;
stack[j] = num;
}
s++;
}
}
void print_mtf_encode(int*code, int len)
{
unsigned i;
printf("[");
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
printf("%d", code[i]);
if (i != len - 1)
printf(", ");
}
printf("]\n");
}
int main()
{
char s[] = "abcabcaaaaaaaab";
int len = strlen(s);
int *code = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * len);
mtf_encode(s, len, code);
print_mtf_encode(code, len);
free(code);
return 0;
}
上面算法不是错的,根据题意和不同的思考角度可以编写不同的mtf算法,按字典序排序后的mtf算法(只统计出现的字符):
void mtf_encode(const char *s, unsigned len, int *code)
{
int num, trace = 0;
unsigned i, pos = 0;
int is_hav[26], stack[26];
memset(is_hav, 0, 26);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (!is_hav[s[i] - 'a'])
is_hav[s[i] - 'a'] = s[i] - 'a' + 1;
for (i = 0; i < 26; i++)
if (is_hav[i] != 0)
stack[pos++] = is_hav[i];
while (*s)
{
pos = 0;
while (stack[pos] != *s++ - 'a' + 1) pos++;
code[trace++] = pos + 1, num = stack[j];
while (pos > 0) stack[pos] = stack[pos - 1], pos--;
stack[pos] = num;
}
}
rle算法(了解该算法:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run-length_encoding):
const char*digits = "0123456789";
void comp_bit(char *rle, int *i, int num)
{
if (num > 9)
comp_bit(rle, i, num / 10);
rle[(*i)++] = digits[num%10];
}
void rle_encode(const char *s, char *rle)
{
unsigned i = 0, j = 1;
rle[i++] = *s++;
while (*s)
{
if (rle[i - 1] != *s)
{
comp_bit(rle, &i, j);
rle[i++] = *s, j = 1;
}
else j++;
s++;
}
comp_bit(rle, &i, j);
}