C++ 01 算法排序

复习C++ 友元函数 和 运算符重载 模板函数

1、C++模板函数

模板是泛型的基础
1、函数模板
定义形式

template <class type> 
ret-type func-name(parameter list)
{
   // 函数的主体
}

示例：

template<typename T>
T Max(T  a, T  b) {
    return a > b ? a : b;
}

2、类模板

template <class T>
class Stack {
private:
    vector<T> elems;
public:
    void push(T const& elem);
    T const & top();
    void pop();

};

2、运算符重载

重载的运算符是带有特殊名称的函数，函数名是由关键字 operator 和其后要重载的运算符符号构成的。

struct Student {
    char *name;
    int score;

    //意思是当前student结构体与另一个student结构体做大于号比较
    bool operator >(const Student &otherStudent) {
        return score != otherStudent.score ? score > otherStudent.score
                                           : &name > &otherStudent.name;
    }

};

结合 1 和 2

Student student1 = {"aa", 80};
Student student2 = {"bb", 81};
Student student = Max(student1, student2);

3、利用模板和运算符重载 写一个选择排序的算法

template <typename T>
void selectionSort(T arr[],int n){

    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        int minIndex = i;
        for (int j = i+1; j < n ; ++j) {
            if (arr[j] < arr[minIndex] ){
                swap(arr[j],arr[minIndex]);
            }
        }
    }
}

结构体Student

#ifndef ALGORITHMDEMO_STUDENT_H
#define ALGORITHMDEMO_STUDENT_H

#include <android/log.h>

#define TAG "dsh"
#define LOGD(...)__android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,TAG,__VA_ARGS__)


struct Student {
    char *name;
    int score;

    bool operator >(const Student &otherStudent) {
        return score != otherStudent.score ? score > otherStudent.score
                                           : &name > &otherStudent.name;
    }

    bool operator <(const Student &otherStudent) {
        return score != otherStudent.score ? score < otherStudent.score
                                           : &name < &otherStudent.name;
    }

};


#endif

测试程序：

int arr[10] = {10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1};
selectionSort(arr,10);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
    LOGD("最大数是 %d", arr[i]);
}


Student arr1[3] = {{"aa", 89},{"bb", 81},{"bb", 84}};
selectionSort(arr1,3);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
    LOGD("最大数是 %d", arr1[i].score);
}