一、程序1
在这个例子中,可以同时处理静态文件,和servlet请求。
一个全功能的servlet容器会为servlet的每个请求HTTP请求做下面工作:
- 当第一次调用servlet的时候,加载该servlet类并调用servlet的init方法(仅仅一次)。
- 对每次请求,构建一个request和response实例。
- 当调用servlet的service方法,同时传递request和response对象。
- 当servlet类被关闭的时候,调用servlet的destroy方法并卸载servlet类。
本程序能做的事情:
- 等待HTTP请求。
- 构造一个ServletRequest和一个ServletResponse对象。
- 假如该请求需要一个静态资源的话,调用staticResourceProcessor实例的process方法,同时传递SerletResponse和ServletRequest对象。
- 假如该请求需要一个servlet的话,加载servlet类并调用servlet的service方法,同时传递ServletRequest,ServletResponse对象。
时序图如下:
HttpServlet1类:
package ex02;
import java.net.Socket;
public class HttpServer1 {
private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
private boolean shutdown = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
HttpServer1 server = new HttpServer1();
server.await();
}
public void await() {
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
int port = 8080;
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
while (!shutdown) {
Socket socket = null;
InputStream input = null;
OutputStream output = null;
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept();
input = socket.getInputStream();
output = socket.getOutputStream();
Request request = new Request(input);
request.parse();
Response response = new Response(output);
response.setRequest(request);
if (request.getUri().startsWith("/servlet/")) {
ServletProcessor1 processor = new ServletProcessor1();
processor.process(request, response);
}
else {
StaticResourceProcessor processor = new StaticResourceProcessor();
processor.process(request, response);
}
socket.close();
shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
}
Request类:
package ex02;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.DispatcherType;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class Request implements ServletRequest {
private InputStream input;
private String uri;
public Request(InputStream input) {
this.input = input;
}
public String getUri() {
return uri;
}
private String parseUri(String requestString) {
int index1, index2;
index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
if (index1 != -1) {
index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);
if (index2 > index1)
return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);
}
return null;
}
public void parse() {
// Read a set of characters from the socket
StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
int i;
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
try {
i = input.read(buffer);
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
i = -1;
}
for (int j=0; j<i; j++) {
request.append((char) buffer[j]);
}
System.out.print(request.toString());
uri = parseUri(request.toString());
}
/* implementation of the ServletRequest*/
public Object getAttribute(String attribute) {
return null;
}
public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
return null;
}
public String getRealPath(String path) {
return null;
}
public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
return null;
}
public boolean isSecure() {
return false;
}
public String getCharacterEncoding() {
return null;
}
public int getContentLength() {
return 0;
}
public String getContentType() {
return null;
}
public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
return null;
}
public Locale getLocale() {
return null;
}
public Enumeration getLocales() {
return null;
}
public String getParameter(String name) {
return null;
}
public Map getParameterMap() {
return null;
}
public Enumeration getParameterNames() {
return null;
}
public String[] getParameterValues(String parameter) {
return null;
}
public String getProtocol() {
return null;
}
public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
return null;
}
public String getRemoteAddr() {
return null;
}
public String getRemoteHost() {
return null;
}
public String getScheme() {
return null;
}
public String getServerName() {
return null;
}
public int getServerPort() {
return 0;
}
public void removeAttribute(String attribute) {
}
public void setAttribute(String key, Object value) {
}
public void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
}
@Override
public AsyncContext getAsyncContext() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public DispatcherType getDispatcherType() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public String getLocalAddr() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public String getLocalName() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public int getLocalPort() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 0;
}
@Override
public int getRemotePort() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 0;
}
@Override
public ServletContext getServletContext() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean isAsyncStarted() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public boolean isAsyncSupported() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public AsyncContext startAsync() throws IllegalStateException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
public AsyncContext startAsync(ServletRequest servletRequest,
ServletResponse servletResponse) throws IllegalStateException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
}
Response类:
package ex02;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
public class Response implements ServletResponse {
private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
Request request;
OutputStream output;
PrintWriter writer;
public Response(OutputStream output) {
this.output = output;
}
public void setRequest(Request request) {
this.request = request;
}
public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException {
byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
FileInputStream fis = null;
try {
File file = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT, request.getUri());
fis = new FileInputStream(file);
int ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
while (ch!=-1) {
output.write(bytes, 0, ch);
ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
}
catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"Content-Length: 23\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
}
finally {
if (fis!=null)
fis.close();
}
}
public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
}
public int getBufferSize() {
return 0;
}
public String getCharacterEncoding() {
return null;
}
public Locale getLocale() {
return null;
}
public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
return null;
}
public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
writer = new PrintWriter(output, true);
return writer;
}
public boolean isCommitted() {
return false;
}
public void reset() {
}
public void resetBuffer() {
}
public void setBufferSize(int size) {
}
public void setContentLength(int length) {
}
public void setContentType(String type) {
}
public void setLocale(Locale locale) {
}
@Override
public String getContentType() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void setCharacterEncoding(String charset) {
}
}
StaticResourceProcessor类:
package ex02;
import java.io.IOException;
public class StaticResourceProcessor {
public void process(Request request, Response response) {
try {
response.sendStaticResource();
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ServletProcessor1类:
需要注意的是:加载类的时候,别忘了加上包名。
package ex02;
import java.net.URL;
public class ServletProcessor1 {
public void process(Request request, Response response) {
String uri = request.getUri();
String servletName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
URLClassLoader loader = null;
try {
URL[] urls = new URL[1];
URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
File classPath = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT);
String repository = (new URL("file", null, classPath.getCanonicalPath() + File.separator)).toString() ;
System.out.println("repository-->"+repository);
urls[0] = new URL(null, repository, streamHandler);
loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
}
catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString() );
}
Class myClass = null;
try {
myClass = loader.loadClass("ex02."+servletName);
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
Servlet servlet = null;
try {
servlet = (Servlet) myClass.newInstance();
servlet.service((ServletRequest) request, (ServletResponse) response);
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
catch (Throwable e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
}
PrimitiveServlet类:
package ex02;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class PrimitiveServlet implements Servlet {
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("init");
}
public void service(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("from service");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("Hello. Roses are red.");
out.print("Violets are blue.");
}
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("destroy");
}
public String getServletInfo() {
return null;
}
public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
return null;
}
}
结果:
http://localhost:8080/staticfile.txt
http://localhost:8080/servlet/PrimitiveServlet
二、程序二
对于书中的“在 ServletProcessor1 类的 process 方法,你向上转换ex02.pyrmont.Request 实例为 javax.servlet.ServletRequest ,并作为第一个参数传递给servlet 的 service 方 法 。 你 也 向 下 转 换 ex02.pyrmont.Response 实 例 为javax.servlet.ServletResponse,并作为第二个参数传递给 servlet 的 service 方法,这会危害安全。”不是很理解,暂不追究,等有时间再来看。
HttpServer2
package chapter02.exe01;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class HttpServer2 {
private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
private boolean shutdown = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
HttpServer2 server = new HttpServer2();
server.await();
}
public void await() {
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
int port = 8801;
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
while (!shutdown) {
Socket socket = null;
InputStream input = null;
OutputStream output = null;
try {
socket = serverSocket.accept();
input = socket.getInputStream();
output = socket.getOutputStream();
Request request = new Request(input);
request.parse();
Response response = new Response(output);
response.setRequest(request);
if (request.getUri().startsWith("/servlet/")) {
ServletProcessor2 processor = new ServletProcessor2();
processor.process(request, response);
}
else {
StaticResourceProcessor processor = new StaticResourceProcessor();
processor.process(request, response);
}
socket.close();
shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
}
}
}
ServletProcessor2
package chapter02.exe01;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.net.URLStreamHandler;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class ServletProcessor2 {
public void process(Request request, Response response) {
String uri = request.getUri();
String servletName = uri.substring(uri.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
URLClassLoader loader = null;
try {
URL[] urls = new URL[1];
URLStreamHandler streamHandler = null;
File classPath = new File(Constants.WEB_ROOT);
String repository = (new URL("file", null, classPath.getCanonicalPath() + File.separator)).toString() ;
urls[0] = new URL(null, repository, streamHandler);
loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
}
catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString() );
}
Class myClass = null;
try {
myClass = loader.loadClass(servletName);
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
Servlet servlet = null;
RequestFacade requestFacade = new RequestFacade(request);
ResponseFacade responseFacade = new ResponseFacade(response);
try {
servlet = (Servlet) myClass.newInstance();
servlet.service((ServletRequest) requestFacade, (ServletResponse) responseFacade);
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
catch (Throwable e) {
System.out.println(e.toString());
}
}
}
RequestFacade
package chapter02.exe01;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
public class RequestFacade implements ServletRequest {
private ServletRequest request = null;
public RequestFacade(Request request) {
this.request = request;
}
public Object getAttribute(String attribute) {
return request.getAttribute(attribute);
}
public Enumeration getAttributeNames() {
return request.getAttributeNames();
}
public String getRealPath(String path) {
return request.getRealPath(path);
}
public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path) {
return request.getRequestDispatcher(path);
}
public boolean isSecure() {
return request.isSecure();
}
public String getCharacterEncoding() {
return request.getCharacterEncoding();
}
public int getContentLength() {
return request.getContentLength();
}
public String getContentType() {
return request.getContentType();
}
public ServletInputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
return request.getInputStream();
}
public Locale getLocale() {
return request.getLocale();
}
public Enumeration getLocales() {
return request.getLocales();
}
public String getParameter(String name) {
return request.getParameter(name);
}
public Map getParameterMap() {
return request.getParameterMap();
}
public Enumeration getParameterNames() {
return request.getParameterNames();
}
public String[] getParameterValues(String parameter) {
return request.getParameterValues(parameter);
}
public String getProtocol() {
return request.getProtocol();
}
public BufferedReader getReader() throws IOException {
return request.getReader();
}
public String getRemoteAddr() {
return request.getRemoteAddr();
}
public String getRemoteHost() {
return request.getRemoteHost();
}
public String getScheme() {
return request.getScheme();
}
public String getServerName() {
return request.getServerName();
}
public int getServerPort() {
return request.getServerPort();
}
public void removeAttribute(String attribute) {
request.removeAttribute(attribute);
}
public void setAttribute(String key, Object value) {
request.setAttribute(key, value);
}
public void setCharacterEncoding(String encoding)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
}
public String getLocalAddr() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
public String getLocalName() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
public int getLocalPort() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 0;
}
public int getRemotePort() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 0;
}
}
ResponseFacade
package chapter02.exe01;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Locale;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
public class ResponseFacade implements ServletResponse {
private ServletResponse response;
public ResponseFacade(Response response) {
this.response = response;
}
public void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
response.flushBuffer();
}
public int getBufferSize() {
return response.getBufferSize();
}
public String getCharacterEncoding() {
return response.getCharacterEncoding();
}
public Locale getLocale() {
return response.getLocale();
}
public ServletOutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
return response.getOutputStream();
}
public PrintWriter getWriter() throws IOException {
return response.getWriter();
}
public boolean isCommitted() {
return response.isCommitted();
}
public void reset() {
response.reset();
}
public void resetBuffer() {
response.resetBuffer();
}
public void setBufferSize(int size) {
response.setBufferSize(size);
}
public void setContentLength(int length) {
response.setContentLength(length);
}
public void setContentType(String type) {
response.setContentType(type);
}
public void setLocale(Locale locale) {
response.setLocale(locale);
}
public String getContentType() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
public void setCharacterEncoding(String arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}