Android原生方式获取经纬度

两种定位方式：GPS定位、WiFi定位

优劣：

  如果项目定位要求较高还是建议使用三方地图库

• GPS定位相比Wifi定位更精准且可在无网络情况下使用，但在室内基本暴毙无法使用
• WiFi定位没有室内外限制也不需要开启GPS但需要联网,另外测试发现WiFi定位时onLocationChanged函数（用于监听经纬度变化）触发间隔无法小于30s

   下面是Wifi定位的代码

public class GPSActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static final int LOCATION_CODE = 301;
    private LocationManager locationManager;
    private String locationProvider = null;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        getLocation();
    }

    private void getLocation () {
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        //获取所有可用的位置提供器
        List<String> providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是Network
            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        }
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            //获取权限（如果没有开启权限，会弹出对话框，询问是否开启权限）
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                    || ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                //请求权限
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
                        Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION}, LOCATION_CODE);
            } else {
                //监视地理位置变化
                locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);
                Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
                if (location != null) {
                    //输入经纬度
                    Toast.makeText(this, location.getLongitude() + " " + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }
        } else {
            //监视地理位置变化
            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);
            Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
            if (location != null) {
                //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
                Toast.makeText(this, location.getLongitude() + " " + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    }

    public LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() {
        // Provider的状态在可用、暂时不可用和无服务三个状态直接切换时触发此函数
        @Override
        public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
        }
        // Provider被enable时触发此函数，比如GPS被打开
        @Override
        public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
        }
        // Provider被disable时触发此函数，比如GPS被关闭
        @Override
        public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
        }
        //当坐标改变时触发此函数，如果Provider传进相同的坐标，它就不会被触发
        @Override
        public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            if (location != null) {
                //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
                Toast.makeText(GPSActivity.this, location.getLongitude() + " " + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        }
    };

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case LOCATION_CODE:
                if(grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == getPackageManager().PERMISSION_GRANTED
                        && grantResults[1] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "申请权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    try {
                        List<String> providers = locationManager.getProviders(true);
                        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
                            //如果是Network
                            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
                        }else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
                            //如果是GPS
                            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
                        }
                        //监视地理位置变化
                        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(locationProvider, 3000, 1, locationListener);
                        Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(locationProvider);
                        if (location != null) {
                            //不为空,显示地理位置经纬度
                            Toast.makeText(GPSActivity.this, location.getLongitude() + " " + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    }catch (SecurityException e){
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "缺少权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                    finish();
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        locationManager.removeUpdates(locationListener);
    }
}

别忘记在AndroidManifest.xml加权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

GPS定位只需更换下面代码

       if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是GPS
            locationProvider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        } else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是Network
            locationProvider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        } else {
            Intent i = new Intent();
            i.setAction(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
            startActivity(i);
        }

了解更多权限授权可以看这篇

封装经纬度可以看这篇

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