在新的虚拟桌面中运行你的程序

前两天有网友问如何让用户只有在正确登录后才能进入系统缺省的桌面。这个问题其实可以用虚拟桌面来解决，Windows 启动后让它自动运行我们的一个切换器，它创建一个新的桌面，然后在新桌面中运行我们自己的登录检查程序，只有检查通过的用户才切换回系统缺省的桌面，否则一直停留在新建的桌面中。由于新建桌面上不会有任何可操作的东西，且所有系统快捷键（包括 ctrl+alt+del）都只对缺省桌面起作用，所以不能正确登录的用户将无法使用该电脑，除了关机以外是无法退出新桌面的。

本来我们用 Windows 就是因为它的多任务方式，但在某些情况下我们却可能希望用户只运行一个特殊的程序，不被其他程序干扰，这在 DOS 下是自然的，因为  DOS 是单任务系统（当然 DOS 也有 TSR 程序可以让你临时切换到另一个程序，但功能有限）。例如我的收款机程序就是这样的例子，运行收款程序时我不希望用户还可以做其他的事情，只要是出于安全性的考虑。

下面是一个简化过的切换器示例，基本可以满足 taohu300 朋友的要求（运行这个示例需要 vfp9）：  LOCAL cMainPath, cMainFile m.cMainPath = ADDBS(JUSTPATH(SYS(16,0))) SET DEFAULT TO (m.cMainPath) *!*// m.cMainFile = m.cMainPath + 'main.exe' m.cMainFile = GETFILE('exe', '文件(&F)：', '确定', 0, '请指定要在新桌面中运行的程序') IF !EMPTY(m.cMainFile) RunInNewDesktop(m.cMainFile) ENDIF RETURN FUNCTION RunInNewDesktop( tcMainFile AS String ) #define GENERIC_ALL 0x10000000 #define DESKTOP_SWITCHDESKTOP 0x0100 #define NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS 0x00000020 #define INFINITE 0xFFFFFFFF #define GMEM_FIXED 0x0000 #define GMEM_ZEROINIT 0x0040 DECLARE Long CreateDesktop IN WIN32API ; String lpszDesktop, ; &&// name of the new desktop Long lpszDevice, ; &&// reserved; must be NULL. Long pDevmode, ; &&// reserved; must be NULL. Long dwFlags, ; &&// flags to control interaction with other applications Long dwDesiredAccess, ; &&// specifies access of returned handle Long lpsa &&// specifies security attributes of the desktop DECLARE Long GetThreadDesktop IN WIN32API Long dwThreadId DECLARE Long SetThreadDesktop IN WIN32API Long hDesktop DECLARE Long OpenInputDesktop IN WIN32API ; Long dwFlags, ; &&// flags to control interaction with other applications Long fInherit, ; &&// specifies whether returned handle is inheritable Long dwDesiredAccess &&// specifies access of returned handle DECLARE Long SwitchDesktop IN WIN32API Long hDesktop DECLARE Long CloseDesktop IN WIN32API Long hDesktop DECLARE Long CreateProcess IN WIN32API ; Long lpApplicationName, ; &&// pointer to name of executable module String lpCommandLine, ; &&// pointer to command line string Long lpProcessAttributes, ; &&// process security attributes Long lpThreadAttributes, ; &&// thread security attributes Long bInheritHandles, ; &&// handle inheritance flag Long dwCreationFlags, ; &&// creation flags Long lpEnvironment, ; &&// pointer to new environment block Long lpCurrentDirectory, ; &&// pointer to current directory name String @ lpStartupInfo, ; &&// pointer to STARTUPINFO String @ lpProcessInformation &&// pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION DECLARE Long WaitForSingleObject IN WIN32API ; Long hHandle, ; &&// handle to object to wait for Long dwMilliseconds &&// time-out interval in milliseconds DECLARE Long CloseHandle IN WIN32API Long hObject DECLARE Long GlobalAlloc IN WIN32API Long uFlags, Long dwBytes DECLARE Long GlobalFree IN WIN32API Long hMem DECLARE Long GetLastError IN WIN32API LOCAL hOrgDesktop, hOrgInput, cNewdesktop, hNewDesktop, pDesktopName, cSI, cPI *// 保存原始桌面句柄 m.hOrgDesktop = GetThreadDesktop(Application.ThreadId) m.hOrgInput = OpenInputDesktop(0, 0, DESKTOP_SWITCHDESKTOP) *// 创建并切换到新桌面 m.cNewdesktop = 'desktop_' + SYS(2015) m.hNewDesktop = CreateDesktop(cNewDesktop, 0, 0, 0, GENERIC_ALL, 0) SetThreadDesktop(m.hNewDesktop) SwitchDesktop(m.hNewDesktop) *// 构造 CreateProcess 所需的结构参数 *!*// typedef struct _STARTUPINFO { // si *!*// DWORD cb; *!*// LPTSTR lpReserved; *!*// LPTSTR lpDesktop; *!*// LPTSTR lpTitle; *!*// DWORD dwX; *!*// DWORD dwY; *!*// DWORD dwXSize; *!*// DWORD dwYSize; *!*// DWORD dwXCountChars; *!*// DWORD dwYCountChars; *!*// DWORD dwFillAttribute; *!*// DWORD dwFlags; *!*// WORD wShowWindow; *!*// WORD cbReserved2; *!*// LPBYTE lpReserved2; *!*// HANDLE hStdInput; *!*// HANDLE hStdOutput; *!*// HANDLE hStdError; *!*// } STARTUPINFO m.pDesktopName = GlobalAlloc(GMEM_FIXED + GMEM_ZEROINIT, LEN(m.cNewdesktop) + 1) SYS(2600, m.pDesktopName, LEN(m.cNewdesktop), m.cNewdesktop) m.cSI = BINTOC(0, '4rs') + BINTOC(m.pDesktopName, '4rs') + REPLICATE(CHR(0), 14*4) m.cSI = BINTOC(LEN(m.cSI) + 4, '4rs') + m.cSI *!*// typedef struct _PROCESS_INFORMATION { // pi *!*// HANDLE hProcess; *!*// HANDLE hThread; *!*// DWORD dwProcessId; *!*// DWORD dwThreadId; *!*// } PROCESS_INFORMATION m.cPI = REPLICATE(CHR(0), 4*4) *// 创建在新桌面中运行的新进程, 启动新进程的主线程 IF ( 0 == CreateProcess( ; 0, m.tcMainFile + CHR(0), 0, 0, 0, NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS, 0, 0, ; @ m.cSi, @ m.cPi )) MESSAGEBOX('执行失败，错误码：' + TRANSFORM(GetLastError()), 16, '错误信息') ELSE m.hProcess = CTOBIN(SUBSTR(m.cPI, 1, 4 ), '4rs') &&// 新进程句柄 m.hThread = CTOBIN(SUBSTR(m.cPI, 5, 4 ), '4rs') &&// 主线程句柄 CloseHandle(m.hThread) WaitForSingleObject(m.hProcess, INFINITE) &&// 等待至进程退出 CloseHandle(m.hProcess) ENDIF *// 清理环境 GlobalFree(m.pDesktopName) &&// 释放分配的内存块 SwitchDesktop(m.hOrgInput) &&// 切换回原始桌面 SetThreadDesktop(m.hOrgDesktop) CloseDesktop(m.hNewDesktop) ENDFUNC *//